BULGARS

Bulgars 4000 BC-336 AD
Bulgars 337-499 AD
Bulgars 500-599 AD
Bulgars 600-799 AD

Bulgars 800-1099 AD
Bulgars 1100-1299 AD
Bulgars 1300-1922 AD

500-599 AD

DATELINE
Time	Events
500	Gaochan in Turfan oasis, under ethnically Chinese lord, under overlordship of Syanbinian Jujanes, breaks with their allies Syanbinian Jujanes.
500	Earliest settlement on site of city of Bolgary dates to about AD 500
502	Altynoba's Djurash Masgut Kutigur Huns Bulgars plundered all of Thrace. Bulgars attack Illyricum
504	Buddhism proclamed a state religion in China.
504	Altynoba's Djurash Masgut Kutigur Huns raid Thrace, possibly with Slavs
504	Persian Kawad starts war against neighboring northern states. Djurash Masgut Bulgarians fight against Goths on behalf of Byzantine
505	Altynoba's Djurash Masgut (465-505) dies, Tatra (505-) becomes Bulgarian Baltazar (Elteber) subordinated to Avar overlordship
505	Sabirs from Pannonia immigrate to North Caucasus and Itil valley
505	Sabirs created a powerful federation of akin tribes, ”Kingdom of Huns”. They were populous and had an army of 20,000 well equipped cavalrymen. They were masters of art of war and build siege machines unknown even to Persians and Byzantines.
508	Teles (Teleutes) Khan Mivotu in vassalage to Ephtalites. Helps Empire Wey 's 3K army defeated Syanbinian Jujanes at lake Puley, after being paid 60 pieces of silk by Empire Wey. Futu dies in struggles. Mivotu is rewarded with musical instruments.
508	Cheunu (508-520) becomes Syanbinian Jujan Khan.
513	Altynoba's Tatra Bolgarian raids against Byzantium become annual. Hunno-Bulgars aid in Vitalians Revolt (514 ).
513	Buddhism penetrates to Syanbinian Jujanes. Khan Cheunu converts to Buddhism. Religious divisions in ruling clan
514	Vitalian the Goth or a "Scythian" (i.e. a Hun), "count of the foederati" Hunnic soldiers serving in East Roman army, Vitalism revolt (513-515) against emperor Anastatsius with participation of Hun-Bulgars. This is first known revolt of monitheistic Monophysites against Christian trinity doctrine, precursor of Khudoyars, Bogomils, Arians, Cathars, and their heirs
516	Syanbinian Jujan Khan Cheunu attacks Tele's kingdom Gaogüy, captures Tele (Teleut) lord Mivota, Tele escape to Ephtalites.
516	Slavs raid Macedonia and Illiria
518	Cheunu sends an embassy to Empire Wey, received by emperor Syao-min-di, re-establishes vassalage to Wey.
518	Justin I repulsed Slav hordes beyond Danube
519	Syanbinian Jujan Khan Cheunu makes a treaty with Ephtalites, gives Eftalite lords his princesses as wives. Allies with Korea (Gao-Guyli) against Empire Wey, and together smash Manju tribe Dideugan.
519	Empire Wey recognized suzerainty of Turfan's Gaochan, and Syanbinian Jujanes continue to trade with them, receiving bread and cloth. Iron goods are provided to Syanbinian Jujans by their Türk (Türks-tuku) vassals in Altai.
520	In written sources name Bavaria first appear in c. 520, reportedly a distortion of Bohemia, homeland of Celtic Boii: Bohemia > Bavaria, if you can believe your eyes, and reportedly unrelated to Ptolemy's (125) Avarini, Priscus (463) Avars (Uars), Djurash Masgut's (498) Avars (Uars) who ruled over all Bulgars till 630, and over Pannonia Bulgars till 796. Prosthetic v/b is a trait of Slavic (Or at first Germanic) assimilation of Türkic lexicon: Avar > Bavar, arata > vorota, otag > vataga, etc.
520	Syanbinian Jujan Khan Cheunu (508-520) killed by his mother, installed her another son, Anahuan, replaced by Polomyn.
521	Teles rebel and defeat remaining Syanbinian Jujanes under Polomyn, and Polomyn moves to Empire Wey with remains of his Horde. Anakhuan escaped to Empire Wey in 520, so both branches of Syanbinian Jujan horde ended up in Empire Wey.
521	Polomyn's horde is resettled within Empire Wey by lake Kukunor, and Sinifa, brother of Anakhuan, is resettled beyond border, north of Dunkhuan.
525	Anahuan leads Empire Wey expedition against rebel fortress Bo-ye and defeats rebels. Receives rewards and absolution from Empire Wey.
525	Togon's Syanbinian prince Kualüy pronounces himself Khan.
527	Procopius Caesariensis: Hephthalites are people from Unn tribe, but they do not mix with them… they are not nomads like other Unn tribes, but live since ancient times in a fruitful country… Among all other Unns they are the only ones with white bodies and not repulsive faces
527	Bulgars, Slavs, and western Antae ravaged Illyricum and Thrace, perhaps the first historically certain attack by the Slavs, in force and in large numbers, upon the Empire
527	Procopius: Chosroes sent army of Huns into Roman Armenia, to create a diversion there, they fall into hands of Valerian and his Romans, and Huns had been badly beaten in battle, and most of them killed
530	Invasion of Bulgars led by two Khans into European provinces of Byzantine. Bulgar infantry auxilliaries are predominantly Slavs
530	Procopius gives first historical accounts about invasions of Slavic tribes across Danube. These invasions started during first half of 6th century during Roman emperors Justinian (527-565) to Heraklios (610-641)
530	Migrations of Slavs were frequently led by Türks, shown by archaeological finds (oldest pieces of Slavic pottery and metal art objects are borrowed from Türkic peoples), and by numerous Türkic words of the basic Slavic lexicon (partial list of 2,000 words see E.N.Shipova
530	Second army of Romans in Caucasus consists of Saracens (sary chechle - yellow haired, or Kipchaks) under Arethas, ruler of Saracens
531	Gao-Khuan revolted, defeated Tobases and split Empire Wey into East Wey and West Wey, both controlled by Chinese military leaders under a nominal Syanbian Emperors.
531	With split of Empire Wey Syanbinian Togon became free.
531	Khazarian khalifa loses rule over Georgia and Abania in S. Caucasus to Persian Sasanid Chosroes I (531-578)
531	Procopius Caesariensis: ”Huns and Ants, Sklavens already crossed Danube many times and caused unrecoverable damage to Romans”. Attack of Altynoba's Tatra Huns and Slavs on Byzantium. After next raid Justinian appoints Ant (Slav) Khvalibud a Roman commander on Danube
534	Anahuan with his horde attacks Tele's kingdom Gaogüy, defeats it. Tele's lord Ifu killed by his brother Üegüy, who continues resistance, is defeated, killed by Ifu's son Bidi.
537	Goths siege of Rome. To help Belisarius came army of Altynoba's Tatra Bulgars (Hunno-Bulgars), leading Sklavens and Antes. Byzantine's Bulgar troops drive Goths from Rome with help of Belisarius (537-538). Byzantine commander Sittas defeats Bulgars on r. Yantra in N.Bulgaria
538	Slavic soldiers are mentioned in Roman army
539	Altynoba's Tatra Bulgar Huns raid to Thrace. Byzantium runs 3 wars
540	Western Antae and Slavs fight, and in battle Antae were defeated by their fellow Slavs. Justinian settle Antae, Eastern Slavic people, led by a Sarmatian ruling clan, in region of Turris, on left bank of lower Danube, as foederati employed against Bulgars
540	Tele's kingdom Gaogüy under Bidi is defeated and Gaogüy stops existing.
540	Split of Empire Wey makes Syanbinian Jujan Khan Anakhuan a gegemon for both halves of Empire Wey.
540	Altynoba's Tatra Kutigur Bulgars take and plunder not only rural areas, but take forts (539-540). In Illyrium alone, in 540, Kutigur Bulgars seized 32 forts.
540	Syanbinian Khan Kualüy sends embassy to Gao-Khuan in Syanbinian Eastern Wey, becoming an enemy of Syanbinian Western Wey.
540	Togon occupied considerable territory, had cities (protected settlements), had organized government, maybe copied from Tobases, had extensive cattle growing economy, low in culture, and under strong dominance of Khans.
540	Türkic autonomy is recognized by Western Wey
540	Byzantine use of treacherous politics cause Utiguri and Kutriguri to unite against them
545	Altynoba's Tatra (505-545) dies, Boyan Chelbir (545-590) becomes Baltavar subordinated to Avar overlordship
545	Syanbinian Jujan lord Anakhuan, allied with Syanbinian Eastern Wey, together with Eastern Wey's emperor Gao Khuan, and Togon's king Kualüy, attack Syanbinian Western Wey, but do not defeat Syanbinian Western Wey decisively.
545	Emperor of Syanbinian Western Wey Ven-di sends ambassador An Nopanto to Türk lord Bumyn. Bumyn displays disloyalty to their suzerain Syanbinian Jujanes and sends a reciprocating embassy to Syanbinian Western Wey capital Chanan.
545	Türks under Khan Bumyn become allies of Syanbinian Western Wey and its successor Bey Chjou.
546	Bey Chjou dynasty was not of Chinese, but of Syanbinian roots and relied on assimilated Syanbinian elite.
546	Ephtalite embassy came to W. Wey
550	West Tele tribes revolt against Syanbinian Jujan dominance, and attack from western Djungaria toward Khalka in Syanbinian Jujan heartland.
550	West Tele tribes are intercepted on the march by Türkic army coming from valleys of Gobi Altai in lined formations, covered by armored plates, on well fed war horses. West Tele army, surprised by unintended enemy, pledged submission to Türkic Lord Bumyn.
550	Bumyn, by accepting West Tele tribes vassalage displays another unloyalty to Syanbinian Jujanian suzerainty.
550	Descendant of Gao-Khuan, Gao Yan, establishes his own dynasty in Syanbinian Eastern Wey named Bey-Tsi.
550	Mid. 4-th century Period of king Sarosius' government in Alania. Establishment of tight contacts between Alania and Byzantine
551	Türkic Khan Bumyn (1) provokes Syanbinian Jujanes to a war by asking for a Syanbinian Jujan princess as a wife. Anakhuan refuses, calling him slave-smelter daring for such an offer.
551	Boyan Chelbir Bulgars and Slavs led by Kagan Zabergan (558-582) cross Danube, loot Thrace and Macedonia, and attack Constantinople. Military losses, Byzantine bribes, and attack of Bulgar homeland by Avars causes Kagan Zabergan to withdraw his forces.
551	Boyan Chelbir Kutriguri Bulgars break through Antian border guard into Byzantine
551	Zachariah Ritor: Bulgars and Alans are mentioned once as settled populations with towns, and once as nomads. Bulgarians towns were in territory immediately next to Caspian gates, while nomads - in steppes north of Caucasus.
551	Zachariah Ritor: Thirteen peoples Avnagur (Onogur), Avgar, Sabir, Burgar, Alan, Kurtargar, Avar, Hasar, Dirmar, Sirurgur, Bagrasir, Kulas, Abdel and Hephtalit live in tents, earn their living on meat of livestock and fish, of wild animals and by their weapons.”
551	Onogurs had towns - in earlier times they had built town of Bakat.
551	Boyan Chelbir Kutrigurs raid Thrace. Byzantium, with a skillful diplomacy, incite Uturgurs against Kutrigurs, and Uturgurs attack Kutugurs
552	Türkic Khan Bumyn executes Syanbinian Jujan's ambassador, and in winter of 552 attacks Syanbinian Jujanes and defeats them.
552	Bumyn Il Khan (1) dies in 552, his son Kolo Isigi (3) becomes Khan (552-552) under name of Kara Issyk Khan (3) , his uncle Istemi (2) remains Istemi-Yabguu.
552	Syanbinian Jujanes, defeated by Türks, elect Anakhuan's uncle Dynshuttsy Khan and continue fight. In a battle near mountain Lyanshan they are defeated by Kara Issyk Khan.
552	Anakhuan commits suicide, his son Yanlochen flees to Syanbinian Eastern Wey under dynasty of Bey-Tsi. Bumyn takes title of Il Khan, but dies in same 552
552	Kipchaks were members of Türkic Kaganate, Boma were not members of Türkic Kaganate
552	Kipchaks lived in Altai, valley of Chjelyan = Djilan = Snake, so Snake mountain and city Zmeinogorsk. Probably same as Boma of Dinlin Belonged to Türkic Kaganate, lived in Alashan, mixed with Kangals, became Koman/Kuman/Cuman Russ. Polovets)
552	Kara Issyk Khan (3) dies in 552, his younger brother Kushu (4) becomes Khan as Mugan Khan (553-572).
552	Huns and Syanbinians conquered from China western part of Shansy province. Local people were submitted to Hunnish Khan Mugan, who controlled Chesi area west of Ordos, between bends of Chuanche and Nanshan.
552	GOKTÜRK KHAGANATE 552 - 743 A.D Founder - Bumin Khan (Tumen) Area - From Black Sea across Asia along northern borders of Mongolia and China almost to Pacific Ocean, and valleys of Altay Mountains (Ergenikon) (Total Area - 18,000,000 Km 2)
552	End of WHITE HUN (EPHTALITE) EMPIRE 420 - 552 A.D Founder - Aksuvar (Aksungur) Area - Half of Northern India, Afghanistan, parts of Turkistan, Eastern Turkestan but also significant parts of Central Asia (Tokharistan, Chaganian, Samarkand, Bukhara, Kesh, Ferghana, Chach (Total Area - 3,500,000 Km2)
552	Sabirs switch from Iran to Byzantium and conquer Agvania. Byzantium conquer Italy
552	2 Nestorian monks smuggle silkwarm eggs from China to Byzantium, and by early 7-th c silk industry is well established in Asia Minor
553	Syanbinian Jujanes are defeated by new Goktürkic Khan Mugan Khan. They flee to Syanbinian Eastern Wey under dynasty of Bey-Tsi, who accepted them and repulsed Goktürkish pursuit.
553	553-568 Goktürks and Sassanids ally to destroy Hephthalite Empire (Avars?).
553	Ephtalite embassy to W.Wey
553	Kidanes defeated and subordinated by Emperor Ven-di of Eastern Wey under dynasty of Bey-Tsi. Rest of Kidanes fled to Kogurio (Korea) or subordinated to Goktürks, who reached Yellow Sea.
554	Syanbinian Jujanes do not have their herds, and are unable to work. They terrorize and rob population, and Syanbinian Eastern Wey Bey-Tsi sends an army against Syanbinian Jujanes.
554	Thirty Tatar tribes (Chinese Shi Wey), Tatabs (Khi by Chinese), and Kidanes are east of emerging Goktürk Kaganate. All three people were close in culture and life, spoke dialects of Mongolian language, but had hostile relations.
554	Tatabs lived on west slopes of Khingan and were allied with Eastern Wey under dynasty of Bey-Tsi.
554	Destruction of Syanbinian Jujanes weakened Syanbinian Eastern Wey Bey-Tsi. At same time, Syanbinian Western Wey Bey-Chjou was growing and more powerful.
554	Persians defeat Sabirs in Agvania.
554	Jujans started looting in Tsi, but are repelled by Chinese. 555 Jujans flee from Bey-Tsi to W Wey, given to Goktürks and decimated. Lyan attacks Bey-Tsi
555	Syanbinian Jujanes are expelled from Syanbinian Eastern Wey by Bey-Tsi army to steppes. Syanbinian Jujanes are beaten by Goktürks and Kidanes.
555	Goktürks defeat Avars (Abars). First encounter of Goktürks with Ephtalites.
556	Syanbinian Jujanes flee to Syanbinian Western Wey, which surrenders 3K army to Goktürk's ambassador, who orders decapitation of all except children and servants. End of Syanbinian Jujan dominance of steppes.
557	Avar's ambassador Kandikh to Byzantium Justinian demands lands and tribute.
557	Emperor Justinian (527-565) began a huge fortification program in Balkans, in an attempt to slow, if not stop, invasions across Danube
557	Assimilated Syanbinian, Üyvyn Tay, establishes his own dynasty in Chanan of Syanbinian Western Wey.
557	557-561 Türks and Sasanians ally to destroy Hepthalite state in Central Asia, which had ruled, among other places, Sogdiana.
558	Bulgars living along lower Dniepr and Don are Kuturgur Huns. Bulgars living along Kuban are Uturgur Huns. Kuturgurs raid Byzantium's Thracia, Byzantium incites Uturgurs to fight with Kuturgurs.
558	Avars then confederated Kuturgurs and proceeded to attack Byzantium. Perso-Avar union lasted to 628 and almost destroyed Byzantium.
558	Avars devastate Thessalia, Hellas, Epirus, Vetus, and Attica, invad Peloponnese and kill ”noble and Hellenic race”. Avars ruled over Peloponnese for 218 years
558	Kutugurs under Zabergan raid Byzantine on Balkans and come to walls of Constantinople.
558	Avars smash Bulgars/Uturgurs, loyal allies of Byzantine, and Zals (?) living along lower Don. Kutugurs supported Avars.
558	Istemi Yabgu stops at Itil (Itil), allowing Vars and Huni, both from North of Aral Sea, to escape to west and become known as Avars. Istemi: When I finish with Ephtalites, I will go after Avars, they can't escape
558	Vars (Ugrian tribe, related to Hungarian ancestors Ogors/Ugrs which lived between Itil and Yaik (Ural) rivers, and to Hungarians living in Bashkiria up to 13 c.) and Huni (Khionites = Sarmato-Alanians), both from North of Aral Sea, become known as Avars.
558	Avars first crushed Türkic Sabirs, allies of Byzantine, who lived on Kuma river and in Dagestan. Avars then crushed Uturgurs, a Bulgarian tribe and also allies of Byzantine, living between Itil and Don, then crushed Zals and Ants on both sides of Don.
558	Avars negotiate with Persia and Byzantium to find an ally. Avars conclude agreements with both Persia and Byzantium. Avars proceed to play in their own interests.
558	Invading Avars attack Hunno-Bulgars. Utiguri, Kutriguri, and Sabiri are conquered (559-560)
558	Goktürks conquered Itil and Yaik areas. Remains of Huni, Var, and Obr tribes went west to Danube, creating united Avar people. Their first task was to escape from Goktürk enemy. They managed it only because Ephtalites in C Asia distracted Istemi Yabgu
558	Türkic coins with Türkic inscriptions 'Kagan' and 'Yabgu' are minted in Soghd, Chach and Ferghana. Terminated by Arab conquest of Mawaranahr and consequent introduction of new kinds of coins, in Semirech’e issue of Türkic coins continues into 9th to 10th centuries
558	Hephthalites (Avars) move west to Black Sea steppe to form Avar Khanate
558	Slavic warriors may have taken part in a Bulgar invasion to Greece
558	Avar Kaganate extended from Itil to mouth of Danube. Bolgars are split, with Kuturgur Huns (also listed are Onogundurs (10 Oghur Confederation), Hunnogurs, Sabirs belonging to Avar Kaganate, and Utugur Huns (30 Oghur) and Khazars loyal to W. Kaganate
558	AVAR EMPIRE in Europe 558-805 AD Founder - Khan Bayan Area - Pannonia, Balkans, Bessarabia, N. Pontic steppes to Tanais and Itil (Total Area - 2,500,000 Km2) Seat of Avar kaghan and his warlords east of Danube in Pannonia, known as Rhing
558	Discovered in Mongolia late in 20c inscription Var-guni (Bar-guni) mention Europian Avars. Majority of Avar's time skeletons from Hungary are Mongoloids, Bayan was probably Mongolian word, evidence that Avars were Mongol Jujuns
558	Avarian embassy to Byzantium. Avars defeat Sabirs and Ants.
558	Avars led by Khan Bayan invaded N Caucasus and faced Byzantium's allies. In Byzantian sources first time they are mentioned
558	Avars show up on Danube.In Jan-Feb embassy of Kagan Bayan negociates in Constantinopole. Justinian hires them to guard agains ”barbarians”, the same Türkic nomadic hordes as Avars, who continued to erupt from N China.
559	Utugurs under Sandilch attack returning Kutugurs, and start a war. War weakens both peoples.
559	Kutugur Bulgars under Zabergan, with Avars, made a treaty with Sklavins(?), cross Danube on ice, raid Byzantine, in three directions. Via Macedonia to Ellada to Thermopile, to Thracian Chersones, under Zabergan through a break in Long Wall to Constantinop
559	Velizarius led defense and repulsed Kutugurs. Kutugurs remained in Thracia until paid off and received ”gifts” on same conditions as Utugurs. Kutugurs leave Thracia.
559	After unsuccessful storm of Constantinopol Bulgars and Slavs were trapped. Byzantians cut their retreat. Justinian magnificiently spared them. Velizarius pushed them behind Long Wall. Zabergan retreated because Avars were coming fron east.
560	Avar Kaganate extended from Itil to mouth of Danube. Bulgars are split, with Kuturgur Huns (also listed are Onogundurs (10 Ogur Confederation), Hunnogurs, Sabirs belonging to Avar Kaganate, and Utugur Huns (30 Ogur) and Khazars loyal to W. Kaganate
560	Avars invaded land of Utigurs on east shore of Meotida. Utigurs recognized Avarian rule. Avars invaded Kutigurs. Kutigurs defeated and became Avarian vassals too. Bayan proclames himself Kagan.
560	Goktürkic ambassadors to Iran killed by Ephtalites on the road
561	Embassy from Kucha to Bay-Chjou
561	Avars captured Bessarabia, execute local ruler Mesamer
561	Sosroi Nushirvan crushes Sibirs
562	Last incursion by Kutigur Bulgars into Byzantium, stopped by Byzantium's instigating internecine wars between two most powerful branches, Kutigur (Kutrigur) and Utigur.
562	Second Avarian embassy to Byzantium
562	Avars came to Dobrudja and settle there
562	Persians defeat Ephtalites
563	Western Wey dynasty Bey-Chjou was of Syanbinian descent, and relying on support of Syanbinian elite transformed into large landlords. They assimilated and used Chinese language.
563	Goktürkic emissary in Constantinopole
563	Goktürkic armies, supported by Khosrov, attack Balkh, invade Ephtalite lands south of Amudarya. Per 'Shah-Name', decisive battle near Bukhara. Ephtalite army of King Gatifar is crushed
564	Army service was made compulsory for simple people of Empire Wey, and two armies were organized. Army of nobles - fubin - was balanced by army of people. Fubin came from military organization of Syanbinian tribe Toba, who conquered Northern China in 4 c.
564	Service in army was mandatory for Syanbinian clansmen. In reward they received land parcels, and were released from any other obligations. Service was inherited, and with time soldiers become a privileged caste.
564	Initially army consisted exclusively of Syanbinians, but later it was supplemented by rich Chinese from Shansi and Shensi who accepted foreign dynasty after it adopted Chinese culture and language.
565	Avars under Khan Bayan (c. 565-602) subjugate Hunnugur and Sabir, and other Hunnic hordes, assimilating them under Avar Kaganate.
565	After defeat of their forces by Avars, Khazars took lead in Sabir-Khazar federation. Part of Sabirs move north, to Middle Itil region, among settled there Bulgarian tribes. Their main city Suvar is a great center of Itil Bulgaria.
565	Pannonia came under pressure from Avars, Lombardian new king, Alboin, found support from Constantinople less then he had hoped for.
565	Langobards destroys Gepidian Reign
565	Goktürkic Kagan Mugan Kagan and Istemi Yabgu defeat Ephtilites at Neseph. Considered fall year of Ephtilite state. Ephtilites traces lost in history
565	Hephthalite territory divided between Iran and Goktürk Kaganate. Border between them ran west of Balkh and east of Murgab
566	Between 566 and 571 Istemi Yabgu subjugated peoples Bandjar, Balandjar (Belendjer) and Khazar. Barandjar (Balandjar) = Onogur = Utigur Bulgars. Khazar influence increased as Khazars became Goktürks' closest allies and assistants.
567	Goktürks capture Bosphorus
567	Gepidic kingdom defeated by Avars
567	Avars ally with Longobards
567	Goktürk embassy to Sasanids, with a request for Silk Route transit trade through their territories is rejected
568	Sirs live in towns and have ports in Djurdjan, across Amu-Darya
568	Avars occupy Panonia
568	Lombardian King Alboin led a host of Lombards, Gepids, Sarmatians and other peoples (including Hunnic Bulgars, per Paul the Deacon) from Pannonia to Italy. Others, amongst them Bavarians, Saxons and Taifali, joined invasion en route
568	As Lombardian King Alboin advanced, vacuum left behind them was filled by Avars, Bulgars and Slavs
568	Goktürk embassy to Constantinople led by a Soghdian Maniakh, proposing to ally against Sasanians
569	Lombards in Italy include Bulgars. After defeat of Great Bulgaria, Kubrat's 5th son Emnetzur (Altsek) led Crimean refugee tribes Alciagirs, Alcildzurs and Alpidzurs to join their tribesmen's foothold in Italy controlled by Byzantines, to duchy of Benevetto/Abruzi region, Pentapolis at Ravenna (678).
569	Goktürks invade and conquer Sirs.
569	Zemarkh embassy to Goktürks, with five further embassies exchanged by 576
569	Goktürk war agains Sasanians; penetration of Kabul and Gandhara regions
570	Kutugurs, as all people on Itil ruled by Goktürks, are encouraged by rise of Avars as alternative to Goktürk suzerainty.
570	Syanbinian Jujan horde keeps robbing neighbors. Language = Syanbinian Consider themselves to be ethnically Tobases.
570	Khazars are ruled by Western Goktürk Kaganate (570-659)
570	Goktürk rulers receive 100,000 pieces of silk tribute a year from China. Goktürks are the first Eurasian steppe empire to extend from Roman/Byzantine world in west, Iranian/Sasanian in south and Chinese in East
572	572-591 Goktürks and Byzantines ally against Sassanians
572	Goktürks subjugate Utiguri until about 581.
572	Western Goktürk Kaganate's ”Ulus” on lower Itil and Yaik
572	Mugan Khan (4) dies in 572, his younger brother Tobo (5) becomes Khan (572-581)
572	Peace between Bey-Tsi and Goktürks
574	Embassy from Khotan to Bey-Chjou
575	Istemi Yabgu (2) dies, his son Dyangu (Tardu) Kara ChurinTürk (7) becomes Tardu Yabgu (575-603).
575	Uturgurs are allied with W. Goktürk Kaganate.
575	Alliance between Goktürks and Uturgurs
576	Tardu Yabgu sends Bokhan to attack Byzantine in Crimea and Panticapeum (Kerch) as a leader of Utigur Huns under chief Anagai (576-590).
576	Utugurs under Khan Anagai, as auxiliaries of Goktürks, take Bospor. Utugurs remain on N. Caucasus from Dagestan to Derbent, under W. Goktürk Kaganate suzerainty
576	Goktürks establish Khazar Khanate.
576	Bulgars of lower Itil and Kuban are loyal to Goktürkish dynasty Ashina
576	Goktürks are on both sides of Kerch straight. Goktürkic army leader (Tma Tarkhan) on Taman peninsula, giving name to city Tmutarkhan
577	Goktürks invade Crimea
578	Slavs invade Ellada
578	Bysantium allies with Avars. Avars defeat Slavs, killing their Prince Davrit
578	Regions along lower Danube were in 6th and 7th centuries inhabited by Sclavinae, Antes, and Huns (probably Bulgarians). Moldavia and northeastern Muntenia were populated by Slavic tribe of Antes.
579	Avarian ultimatum by Kagan Bayan to secede city Sirmiy. Tiberius refuses. Avars capture Sirmiy after a two tear siege
580	Presence in Istria of hostile to Bysantium Slavs and Avars. Avars were partly responsible for southward migration of Serbs and Croats
580	Slavic chieftain sacked Corinth
580	Avars conquered and plundered cities and strongholds in Hellas
580	Goktürks invade Lasica
580	Peace of Bay-djou with Kaganate
581	Tobo (5) dies, Shetu (9) becomes Kagan (581-587).
581	Tardu Yabgu sends Bokhan to attack Cheronesus as a leader of Utigur Huns under chief Anagai.
581	Goktürks at Chersonessus walls
581	581-584 Devastating raid of Slavs through Thrace, Macedonia and Ellada. Settlement of Slavs in Thrace
581	Khans Ashina are Türks and are” wolves”. Syanbian quean describes her husband Shabolio as Wolf by his personality.
581	Chinese revolt against Syanbinian dynasty. New dynasty received name Suy. Sinadized Syanbinian elite survived.
582	Avar Kagan Bayan attacks Byzantium in Thrace.
582	Kuturgur Hun Bulgars settle in Bessarabia and Wallachia, from which they will move to Moesia under pressure from Magyars, and make it Bulgaria.
582	Hunnic Khan Zabergan (558?-582) dies, Gostun becomes Hunnic Khan ruling over Kutigurs.
582	Shetu Kagan appoints Gostun Kutigurian Khan
582	Goktürkic Kaganate officially breaks up into Western and Eastern Kaganates. Khwarezm (lower part of Amu Darya R., S. of Aral Sea) and Sugd/Sogdiana (Zerafshan and Kashka Darya R., including area around Samarkand) likely autonomous kingdoms to become independent in next century with Tang defeat of Goktürks
582	582 - 602 Rule of Byzantine Emperor Maurice. First mention of Khazars in Byzantine annals, along with Bulgars and Barsils. Noted their coming from Bersilia, supposedly in Caspian steppe
582	Avar Kagan Bayan appointed Gostun as Kutriguri Khan (582-584 AD) (House Ermi) after Khan Zabergan's death in an invasion of Byzantium in northern Illyricum. Avars and Hunno-Bulgars attacked and seized Fortress of Sirmium on lower Sava River. Byzantium hastily concluded peace treaty with Avars, promising to give them an annual tribute of 80,000 gold coins
583	Avarian attack on Byzantium
584	Hunnic Khan Gostun (582-584) dies, Orchona (584-594) becomes regent of his nephew Kubrat
584	New Emperor recognizes queen Khan's wife as daughter, thus Shetu as son, thus recognizing previous traditions of trading with Goktürks as a form of paying tribute, and confirming privileges of Syanbinian elite. Shetu acknowledges vassalage to empire.
584	New Slav attack on Constantinople. Defeat and retreat
586	Avars and Slavs besieged Thessalonica
587	Shetu (9) dies, Moho (14) becomes Kagan, followed by Tulan (Ün-Ulug) (16) (587-599). Tulan has anti-khan Tuli (Jangar) (18) (600-609) supported by empire.
587	Byzantium peace with Avars
588	Shetu Khan (19) dies, Ün Ulug (Tulan) (Dulan) (16) (587-599) becomes Khan
588	China open markets for trade with Türks
588	582? Separation of Goktürkic Empire into East (Mongolia) and West (Turkestan) parts
589	W. Goktürk Kaganate campaign against Persia in Caucasus, with Khazars but without Bulgars. Both Khazars and Bulgars are confederated (jointed voluntarily, not as conquered) into W. Goktürk Kaganate.
589	W. Goktürk Kaganate's Khazars supply military contingents and participate in division of captured wealth. Bulgars man western border with Avars and don't benefit from captured wealth.
589	Invasion of Khazars, Greeks and Georgians to Agvania is repelled by Persians
590	Under dynasty Suy position of fubin worsened. Soldiers were moved from ”military” lists to ”Civil household lists”, thus exemption from taxes ended. This was aimed against Syanbinian privileges left from Syanbinian overlordship.
594	Hunnic Regent Orchona (584-594) dies, Kubrat accends to Khanship (594-642).
594	Judging from some eparchial lists from end of 7-th or beginning of 8-th century, in 7-th century there was an Onogurian episcopate in Gothic eparchy. This attests early spread of Christianity among Onogurs
594	Theophanes Confessor and Constantinus Porphyrogeneus explicitly state that Bulgarians, settled on Balkans, had been called earlier Unogundurs
594	Byzantine patriarch Nicephorus calls ruler of Great Bulgaria khan Kubrat ”ruler of Unogundurs”
594	Heir of throne, Tulan Kagan's cousin, Tuli (Jangar), with a title of Toleses' Khan = Tuli Khan, was Khan of north-east territory. Tuli Khan had vassals ShiWey (Tatars), Kidanes, Khi (Tatabs).
598	Kara Churin embassy to Constantinipole
599	Tulan (Ün-Üylüy) (16) is killed, Kara Churin Türk (7) becomes Khan with title Boke Khan (599-604)
599	Chinese fight successfully in Ordos
600	Tulan (Ün-Üylüy) (16) dies, Jangar (Tuli) (18) (600-609) assumes control of all Eastern Goktürk Kaganate, in vassalage of Chinese empire.

Bulgars Dateline 600-799 AD Continued

Updated on: 12/12/2004