BULGARSAppelations: Bulgars, Bolgars, Bulghars, Bolghars and other variations |
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Bulgars 4000 BC-336 AD Bulgars 337-499 AD Bulgars 500-599 AD Bulgars 600-799 AD |
Bulgars 800-1099 AD Bulgars 1100-1299 AD Bulgars 1300-1922 AD |
800-1099 AD |
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| DATELINE | |
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| Time | Events |
| 803 | Danube Bulgaria Khan Kardam (c.777-c.803) is replaced (died: “On Kardam’s death, the Balkan Bulgars were left without a Khan” - S.Runciman) by Krum (38) elected to Bulgarian Khan-hood (803-814). Bulgars under Kagan Krum unite with Franks to crush Avar Kaganate. S.Runciman: Leader of Pannonian Bulgars Krum, victor of Avar wars, either by show of arms or persuasion, raised to Danube Bulgaria throne, and united two Bulgar kingdoms into one great empire, from Theiss (Tisza or Tisa) and Save to Black Sea. |
| 804 | Khan Krum's army has 30,000 chain armored heavily armed cavalry, vs. Byzantium's less than 400. |
| 804 | Khan Krum venture to become independent suzerain, lays off federatae status, become Tzar, and absorbs Slavic and Avar territories and populations. Policy program for next half century. |
| 804 | Charlemagne and then Pepin defeat and subjugate Avar Khan in Pannonia, rob 2 centuries of treasuries. In 805 Avar Kagan Zodan baptized with name Theodore. Theodore continued ruling as a subject of Charlemagne |
| 804 | Joint forces of Bulgars and Franks crush and annihilate Avar Kaganate. |
| 805 | End of AVAR EMPIRE in Europe 558-805 AD Founder - Khan Bayan Area - Pannonia, Balkans, Bessarabia, N. Pontic steppes to Tanais and Itil (Total Area - 2,500,000 Km2) Seat of Avar kaghan and his warlords east of Danube in Pannonia, known as Rhing |
| 805 | Ay Tengride Qut Bolmish, Qutluq Bilge Qaghan. Unknown (18) (805 - 808). |
| 806 | Manicheans arrive to Chanan from Uygurs |
| 807 | Danube Bulgars and Greeks fight. |
| 808 | Ay Tengride Qut Bolmish, Alp Bilge Qaghan. Unknown (19) (808 - 821). |
| 813 | Bulgars take Adrianopole and settle captives on north side of Danube |
| 813 | In 813, Krum led a large army of Slavs and Avars against Byzantium and besieged Constantinople without success. He died in following year. |
| 814 | April 13, 814 While preparing another attack against Byzantines, Kagan Krum (38) bursts a blood vessel and dies. Kagan Omurtag (41) assumes Bulgarian Khan-hood (814-814). Boils rule Bulgaria - Chok (?) (?_?). |
| 814 | Khan Ditsen (40) (814-816) |
| 816 | Chok and Boils Danube Bulgars conclude a peace treaty with Byzantines to last thirty years, to be renewed every ten years. |
| 816 | Khan Omurtag (41) (816-831) |
| 817 | Inhabitants of Samandar revolt against attempts by Khazar Kagan Karak introduce Judaism |
| 817 | Manichean missionaries are exiled to Uyguria |
| 818 | Danube Bulgars thrust to north as far as Kiev (818-820). |
| 819 | Kara Bulgarian Khan Aydar (819-855) |
| 820 | Khazars found Sambata (sam = high, bat = stronghold) and Kiev ( kui = low, ev = settlement), settled by Khazars and Magyars. |
| 821 | Preslav is completed - new Bulgarian capital. |
| 821 | Kun Tengride Ulugh Bolmish, Kuch Kuchluk Bilge Qaghan. Unknown (20) (821 - 824). |
| 824 | Tengride Qut Bolmish, Kuch Bilge Qaghan. Hazar Tekin (21) (824 - 832). |
| 827 | Danube Bulgars and Franks fight. |
| 830 | Khazar Kagan Khan-Tuvan (Dyggvi) (830?-…) |
| 830 | Construction of Sarkel fortress by Khazars with Byzantium's help |
| 830 | Khzarian Kabars rebel against Bek (830-862). |
| 830 | First Rus Kaganate is established as ulus by Itil Bulgarian Khan Aydar (819-855) |
| 831 | Danube Bulgaria Khan Malamir (42) (831-837) |
| 832 | Danube Bulgars and Franks sign peace treaty. |
| 832 | Tengride Qut Bolmish, Kuchluk Bilge Qaghan. Kho Tekin (22) (832 - 839). |
| 833 | Khan-Tuvan (Dyggvi) sends an embassy to Byzantine asking to send engineers-fortificators to build fortresses against Rus' attacks. |
| 836 | Byzantine-Bulgar War. Return of Macedonian prisoners |
| 836 | Danube Bulgar Khan Presijan (43)(836-852) |
| 837 | Magyars crossed Dnieper from east around 837, occupying steppe as far as Danube by year 860 |
| 837 | Atelkuzu, largely consisting of Ukraine, Moldavia and Eastern Wallachia, favoured survival at time of warming. As drought spread, it was possible to move flocks up-river to cooler, wooded regions, where fishing provided an extra food for semi-nomads. |
| 837 | Magyar tribes, and chiefly ruling caste, moved up river as far as Kharka, Bashtu, and Galich |
| 839 | Kho Tekin (22) (832 - 839) dies. Kichik Tekin (23) (839 - 840) |
| 840 | Destruction of Uygur Orkhon Empire by Kirgizes. End of Uygur leadership of E. Goktürkic Kaganate |
| 840 | E. Goktürk Kaganate Kichik Tekin (23) dies |
| 840 | In about 840-850 AD, Hungarians were forced to move westwards to Atelkuzu (Etelkoz) and they then occupied Carpathian Basin in 896 AD living there to this day |
| 841 | Kyrgyz ambassador arrived in China |
| 842 | Muhamad ibn Musa Al Khwarizmi works in Khazarian Kagan's palace, sent there by Caliph Al-Wathiq. |
| 850 | Bashkorts used prior to 9c antroponym 'Ishtek/Istek' (Asses, Ossian/Yassian people), and from 9 c became known antroponym 'Bashkort' from (according to Arab author Salam Tardjman) Khan Bashgird, whose horde lived in present area. |
| 855 | Kan Urus Ugyr Aidar (819-855) dies, his son Shilki (Djilki) (855-882) becomes Kan of Bulgaria. Younger son Lachyn (855-879, 882?) revolts, splitting eastern Bulgaria |
| 852 | Khan Presijan (43) (836-852) controls Danube Bulgaria extending from Panonnia, Transilvania, Wallachia, Moldavia, Moesia, Thrace and Macedonia, to Donets ??, with numerous inhabitants (Slavs, Bulgars, Thracians (Vlach, Wallach, Dacian, Get) |
| 855 | Kara Bulgarian Baltavar Khan Aydar (819-855) died, Gabdulla Djilki (Shilki) becomes Khan (855-882) |
| 859 | Khan Shilki lost battle to Khazar Kagan Iskhak at Baltavar (Poltava) |
| 859 | Kara Bulgar Khan Gabdulla Djilki (Shilki) lost Bashtu (Kiev) and Urus (Novgorod) uluses to Khazars. Khazars organize them as ulus Rus. Kagan Iskhak appoints Norman leader Dir (Bulg. Djir) of Slavic militia in Bashtu a ruler of Rus and Norman Ascold (Bulg. As-Khalib) a Viceregent of Rus |
| 859 | Shilki settles in c. Karadjar (Chernigov) with territory |
| 859 | Shilki's brother Lachyn (Rürik, aka Riurik 855-879?882?) becomes Khan of remaining Kara Bulgar with a capital in Khorysdan (Putivl) |
| 859 | Kara Bulgar Bashtu becomes Khazarian Kiev |
| 861 | Religious debate in Khazarian court (Khazarian Polemics) between Cyril and Methodius, Rabbi Yitzhak Ha Sangari, and Muslem cleric Farabi Ibn Kora. |
| 861 | Khazar Bulan Bek, nobility and some common people convert to Judaism. |
| 862 | Chronist Nestor gives 862 as year of creation of Rus. Ruses are rulers of Slavs. Ruses live in military settlements and ”feed” by spoils, a part of which was rendered to Jewish Khazars. Slavs are engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. Ruses are ethnically different from Slavs: they shave their heads, leaving a braid on top, they wash before dinner in a basin. Slavs cut their hair in a circle, and wash under running water. |
| 862 | Viking warrior Hrorekr leads expedition to Staraya Lagoda and occupied city in 862 |
| 862 | Hrorekr (Riurik) (862-879) takes Novgorod, the other brothers take two other cities. Eventually Riurik gained all three cities. Gradual conquest of surrounding Slavic states, raided as far as Constantinople. At his death, his son Ingvar is too young to ru |
| 863 | Khan Shilki re-unites Bashtu and Karadjar with Kara Bulgar. Knyaz Dir (Bulg Djir) submits to Shilki, Ascold (Bulg As-Khalib) escapes to Galidj (Novgorod? Galich?) Shilki restores himself as Baltavar of Kara Bulgar with capital at Baltavar (Poltava) |
| 864 | Bulgars kill son of Askold |
| 864 | 864-884 First appearance of Rus Vikings in Caspian Sea |
| 865 | Khan Barys of Itil Bulgaria beylyk founded by Tat-Ugek, died, and Shilki, Khan of Kara Bulgar with a capital in Baltavar (Poltava) is proclamed Khan of Itil Bulgaria (865-882). |
| 865 | City Bulgar becomes a capital of Itil Bulgaria. |
| 865 | Shilki proclames Itil Bulgaria an Islamic state, without a Califate recognition |
| 865 | Christian baptism of Danube Bulgar Tsar Boris |
| 866 | Established Kara Bulgar station Kolyn (Khlynov, Vyatka) |
| 868 | First revolt of Türkish soldiers against Abbasid Calif al-Mutaawakkil (847-861) |
| 868 | Ahmad ibn Tulun, a Türkish praetorian of Abbasid Califate, becomes an independent ruler of Egypt and extends his rule to Syria |
| 875 | Khazars built a glass factory in Hrodna (present Belarus) |
| 879 | 879-882 Post Rurik (862-879), pre-Olaf period in Rus ulus |
| 882 | Khan Shilki (855-882) died, Bat-Ugyr becomes Khan of Itil Bulgaria (882-895). |
| 882 | Khan Alabuga of a Baryn line of Sabans starts a city, named later Bilyar. |
| 882 | Olaf (Russ. Oleg) (882-913) First serious Rus expansion. Dominated several E. Slav tribes as tribute states. |
| 889 | After 889, Besenyos break through Khazarian border guards and replace Magyars from Levedia |
| 890 | Outbreak of war between Byzantine and Danube Bulgars |
| 890 | Arbat son of Almysh (r. 895-925) of Dulo dynastic clan is proclamed Prince Arpad of Magyars. Barys (Svyatoslav I) of Kyiv is Arbat's uncle, Khasan of Itil Bulgaria is Arbat's brother. Kindered relations between houses of Magyars, Kyiv, and Bulgar continue for centuries |
| 893 | Catastrophically cold winter of 892-893 froze Itil and Don, made it possible for Besenyos, whom Oguzes attacked, to flee across frozen rivers into Atelkuzu, although some of them were stuck east of Yaik river |
| 893 | Besenyos stop their pusuit of Majars at Dniepr, spend winter near mouth of river Buh |
| 893 | Beginning of reign of Danube Bulgar Tsar Simeon (Khan Shamgun) |
| 894 | Majar Prince Levente leads Khazar Kabars against Danube Bulgaria. Magyar campaign in Pannonia |
| 894 | Besenyos in alliance with Bulgars start a second attack of Majars, forcing them to leave Atilkiji (Itil-Kiji, Atelkuzu) for Transylvania and Upper Tisza region |
| 895 | Bat-Ugyr (882-895) abdicates. Baltavar (Elteber) Almush (Almas), eldest son of Shilki, becomes Khan of Itil Bulgaria, acclaimed in city Bulgar (895-925) |
| 895 | Khan Almush Kara Bulgar census lists 550K, 200K are Saban-speaking Bulgars, 180K-Ars (Udmurts, Finno-Ugors), 170K-Modjars |
| 895 | Alans and Bulgars freed from Khazar power |
| 895 | Some Khazar Kabars (3 tribes) settle in Transilvania/Hungary with Majars. |
| 895 | Kyiv Prince Vladimir/Budimir, along with Oguzes, joined internecine war on side of Ibragim's revolt against Vladimir's cousin Timar (981-1004). Oguzes and Vladimir/Budimir make a joint attack on Bulgar city, that ended with catastrophe. Vladimir/Budimir lost most of his army, and had to pledge to Bulgars to keep paying Rostov rent (acting as tax collector in Korjak province on behalf of Bulgars) |
| 895 | Avaria (Pannonia) is divided between Slavic state of Great Moravia under Svyatopolk, and Türkic Khanate of Bulgaria. Bulgar Onogundur (or Onogur) settle there, possibly giving name to Hungary. |
| 895 | Bulgars and Bosnyaks/Pechenegs defeat Magyars. Magyars migrate beyond Carpathians |
| 896 | After defeats by Magyars allied with Byzantine, and Byzantine's deceit of truce, Danube Bulgaria's Tsar Simeon joins with Besenyos to drive Magyars into modern day Hungary and forcing Byzantine Empire to resume paying their humiliating annual tribute |
| 900 | Ibn Ruste lists three branches of Itil Bulgars: ”first branch was called Bersula, second - Esegel, and third - Bolgar”. |
| 902 | Varangian Rus mercenaries are mentioned serving in Byzantine naval expedition to Crete. Rus mercenaries also serve Khazars |
| 904 | Olaf (Russ. Oleg), Prince of Kiev (882-916 ), remains a vassal of Avar Kaganate, divided between Bulgarian principalities.(In 859 to Khazars??) |
| 909 | Rus raiders (druzhina) with Varangian (Varyag) allies captures Khazarian fort Abezgun on Caspian Sea |
| 910 | First missions of Christian preachers from Byzantium to Alania. Establishing Alan arch-episcopate. Peter as first arch-bishop of Alania. |
| 913 | Kengeres, once a part of confederation of W. Goktürk Kaganate, were driven toward lower Syr-Darya and Aral Sea by Karluk Türks. They were grazing their herds between Yaik and Itil rivers. |
| 913 | North of Sea of Azov Kengeres occupied Levedia, taking it from Majars, and then drove them from Atilkiji area between Dniepr and Lower Danube |
| 913 | Ingvar (Russ. Igor) (913-945) re-established control over Eastern Slavs |
| 913 | Khazars demolish Rus marauding expedition fleet |
| 915 | Besenyos appear before Kiev for first time in force. Prince Ingvar (Russ. Igor) signs peace treaty with them establishing a frontier between Don and Dniester |
| 920 | Khazars fight with Burtas (Steppe Alans or Asses), Oguz, Byzantines, Kengeres and Kara Bulgars. |
| 920 | Itil Bulgar Baltavar Almush (Almas) allies with Caliphate as counterbalance to Khazars. Beginnng of minting of Bulgarian dirkhems |
| 922 | Itil Bulgars congress of Bulgarian tribes adopted Islam as state religion, built mosques and schools. Itil Bulgars start transition to Arabic script from Türkic script |
| 922 | Baltavar Almush takes a title 'Emir' as obligation to rule in accordance with Quran |
| 922 | City Bilyar becomes a province Baityuba capital and a 3rd sized city after Bulgar and Bandja |
| 922 | City Nur-Suvar (922-1246). Present Tatarskiy (Sham-Suar). |
| 922 | Established city Tukhchi, renamed in 1219 Djuketun (Chistopol) |
| 925 | Governor of province Mardan-Ballak Balus starts a city, named later Banja (Banja-Burtas). Present Syzran. |
| 925 | Almush (895-925) died, Khasan becomes Khan of Itil Bulgaria (925-930). Almush is buried in Fortress Gulistan. |
| 930 | Seljuks are from tribe Kynyk - one of 24 Oguz tribes. Oguzes live between Syr Darya, Caspian and Aral seas. Kynyks live near delta of Syr Darya. |
| 930 | Yabgu rules Oguzes. Leader of Seljuk clan, Temir-Yalyg, nicknamed Dukak (Dokak), has a high position. He objects to a raid by Yabgu against other Türkic tribes, and sours relations with Yabgu. He and his tribe may be Moslems. |
| 930 | Itil Bulgaria has 30 cities. Khasan built: Matak Nukrat Bandja (Samara ) (Center of Mardan-Bellak ulus) Bulyar (citadel in Bilyar) Kamysh Simbir Gazan-Deber Kashan Tukhcha Tau-Kerman (Sviyajsk) Tash-Bulgar Subash-Simbir Karadjar Djilan |
| 930 | Khasan (925-930) died, Yalkau Michail becomes Khan of Itil Bulgaria (930-943). |
| 930 | Khazars ally with Alans who adopt Judaism, and arrange a dynastic marriage |
| 932 | KARAHANID (Karahanli, Ilek (ilig)-khanid, al-Hakaniye, el-Haniye, al-Afrasiyab) 932 - 1212 A.D Founder - Saltuk Bugra Han Area - All Trans-Oxus area including area between Issyk and Balkash Lakes Initial center in Kashgar |
| 932 | Khazars ally with Oguzes. |
| 934 | Kengeres join in Hungarian invasion of Byzantian Thrace. |
| 939 | Khazar Baliqchi Pesakh defeats Rus |
| 943 | Yalkau Michail died (930-943), Mohammed becomes Khan of Itil Bulgaria (943-976). |
| 944 | Kengeres join in Prince Ingvar of Kiev raid on Byzantium. |
| 945 | Helga (Russ. Olga) (945-962) is energetic in subjugating Slavs, exacting terrible revenge upon Drevlians, burying alive and burning their most distinguished men alive in a bath in Kiev, massacring 5,000 at her husbands funeral feast, burning Izkorosten with many killed or enslaved |
| 944 | All Gothic cities-colonies are robbed to foundation in raid of Prince Ingvar of Kiev |
| 945 | Start of Itil Bulgar-Turkmen 15 year war |
| 949 | Talib, junior son of Khan Gazan, and grandson of Almush, organizes a regular army in Itil Bulgaria. |
| 950 | There is information about Bashkir Confederation in 9-12c under Masim Khan, starting with Khan Bashkort. Bashkir 'Shejere' listed Khans Muyten Bey and Maiky Bey at approx. 1220, witha list of 10 predesessors covering 9-12c. |
| 950 | Al Mas'udi (died in 956) describes 4 Türkic peoples: Ydjni, Badjkurt (Maskurts, Masguts, called by Herodotus (5-th c. BC), Strabo (c.64 BC - A.D. 20), and C. Plinius Secundus (62-113 AD) Massagetae Scythians), Badjanak (Besenyos), Nukardi |
| 950 | Conversion of Karakhanids and Uighurs from Buddhism to Islam under Satuq Bughra Khan (d.955) |
| 950 | Magyars living in Lebedia are vassals of Khazars. |
| 960 | End of Itil Bulgar-Turkmen 15 year war. Chief Turkmen Khan Arslan is beheaded by Bulgar sardar Kukcha Amir. |
| 960 | Besenyos live in Moldova (10th cent.-1171) |
| 960 | …... becomes second Kagan of Khazar's Kaganate to convert to Islam (960?-….). |
| 960 | Karahanid Satuk's son, Musa (Baytas) defeated eastern Khan Arslan Han and carried off this branch of dynasty. Entire Karahanli State becomes Muslim (960). Afterwards, forced diffusion of Islam among C. Asian Türks turned into holy war. First case among Türks to abandon tradition of freedom of convitions and to force conversion of subject populations |
| 961 | After Dukak death, Oguz Yabgu appoints Dukak’s son Seljuk Syu-Bashi as head of army. Seljuk evacuates his tribe to Sugura, near Jend (Hojdent), bordering with Moslem countries. Relocation may be caused by Kipchak wictory over Oguz State or shotage of pastures |
| 961 | Seljuks (Salchukiyans, Sakachikas) together with Kynyk clan and other Oguz clans leave winter capital of Oguz State Yenikent (Ruins of present Jankent) between Caspian and Aral, with their cattle of horses, camels, sheep and cows, to Maverannakhr . |
| 961 | M Kashgari: To live with Moslem Türks, multitudes of Seljuk tribes adopted Islam. Seljuk adopted Islam for political possibilities, and asked neighboring Bukhara and Khorezm to send Moslem scholars. Prior, they were called Turkmens, Karluks and Oguzes |
| 961 | Oguz Yabgu's Oguses arriving in Jend to collect annual taxes are driven out by Seljuks under pretext ”We are not paying taxes to infidels”, and started juhad war against Oguz State with Seljuk’s title Gazi. Start of independent Seljuk Beylyk in Jend. |
| 962 | Svyatoslav (962-972) first Rus Knyaz with Slavic name. Numerous campaigns to assert his authority over eastern Slavs. Invaded Khazaria and destroyed its capitl Itil, and its major fortresses Samander and Sarkel. Allied with Constantinople against Danube Bulgars |
| 962 | Türkic Ghaznavid dynasty is established in Afghanistan |
| 962 | GAZNELI EMPIRE 962 - 1183 A.D Founder – Alptekin Area - from Trans-Oxus to Ganges River, from Caspian to steppes of Pamir (Total Area - 4,700,000 Km 2) |
| 964 | Kengeres seriously threaten Khazaria |
| 964 | Bulgarian annals provide background information on the Rus campaign against Khazaria, depicting it as a Bulgar liberation war of joint Bulgar-Rus alliance, where Bulgaria paid Ruses for the campaign by leasing out provinces Djir (future Rostov province and city of Russia), Kan (future Murom province and city) and the western Kortdjak (future Moscow, Vladimir and Ivanovo provinces), for an annual tribute equal in size to the tribute from Djir (Bulgar-Rus Treaty of 964). In the campaign participated Turkmens (Oguzes), recently defeated in the lengthy Bulgar-Turkmenian war (ca. 947-ca. 960), and Bajanaks, whose territory the Rus army had to cross, as Rus allies in the campaign. The annals describe Rus army as consisting of 20 thousand Vikings and 50 thousand Slavs. |
| 965 | Byzantine governor (strategos) of Chersonesus asks Svyatoslav for aid against Khazars. Svyatoslav campaign to Don. En route he attacks Volga Bulgars. He raids Sarkel, Itil, and Tmutarkhan, also captures Chersonesus |
| 965 | Svyatoslav possibly signed agreement with Besenyos before crossing their territory. He allies with Oguzes. Purpose to gain tribute from Viatchi on Oka by removing their Khazar overlords. He also conquers Yasians and Kasogians in Taman-Kuban area. |
| 965 | Kkazar Kagan temporarily converts to Islam for political reasons |
| 965 | Itil Bulgars gain independence after defeating Khazars. |
| 966 | Bandja (Fanagoria), capital of Great Bulgaria in VII c, destroyed by Kiev Knyaz Svyatoslav. Escaped inhabitants established New Bandja in Jiguli on Itil (Murom setlement). During campaign were devastated cities in the North-East Caucasus, including Semender. |
| 966 | Khan Mohammed established fort Simbir (Simbirsk) |
| 967 | Knyaz Svyatoslav of Kiev seizes Khazar capital Itil |
| 969 | Khazaria, broken by Svyatoslav (called Barys by Bulgars), is divided between Itil Bulgaria and N. Caucasus Saklans. |
| 969 | Inflow of silver dirhams from Bulgaria and Khazaria stops |
| 969 | Saklans receive territory S. of rivers Sal and Kum, Shir (Don), Kuper-Kubar (Khoper), Boryn-Inesh (Voronej). Khin (Sarkel, Belaya Veja) is a province ruled by Bulgar's vali. |
| 970 | Mass migration of E.European Bulgars headed by Bilu, Boksu and Hesen join Danubian Bulgarians |
| 970 | Khan Mohammed established fort Balyn (Suzdal) in Mary land |
| 972 | 8 Besenyo (Bedjenek) tribes, under Khan Kura, of Kipchak stock with Oguz element, freed of Khazar dominance, defeat Rus Knyaz Svyatoslav and make a drinking cup of his scull. Bedjenek's continuous fights with Khazars, Byzantines and Rus. |
| 976 | Mohammed died (943-976), Talib becomes Khan of of Itil Bulgaria (976-981). |
| 981 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Talib (976-981) died, Timar becomes Khan (981-1004). |
| 985 | Türkic Karakhanid and Gaznevit, and Iranian Samanid states surround Seljuk Beylyk. Seljuks fight with Karakhanids and Samanids. Samanids give Karakhanid Yabgu Arslan Israel with Oguzes control of Nur, near Bukhara. |
| 985 | Vladimir raid on Bulgars and Khazars |
| 985 | Seljuq Türks, a ruling tribe of Oguz, move to vicinity of Bukhara. |
| 986 | Khazars present Judaism to Knyaz Voldemir (Russ.Vladimir) of Kyiv, Itil Bulgars present Islam |
| 987 | Vladimir embassy to Bulgar. Emir of Derbent calls for help of Ruses (Vikings) to help in fight against local feudals |
| 988 | Voldemir consolidates his possession of conquered city-states through adoption of single state religion. He orders conversion of subject people and launches built-up of Christian churches. Negotiations for military aid with Emperor Basil II end in agreeme |
| 988 | Beginning of Mstislav reign in Tamiya-Tarkhan (Tmutorokan) |
| 988 | Rus-Bosnyak/Bajanak war |
| 989 | 988-997 Rus (Vikings) guards in service of Emir of Derbent |
| 994 | Vladimir attacks Bulgar (Nikon.) |
| 994 | Formation of Türkic-Ghaznavid dynasty in present day Afganistan |
| 997 | Vladimir attacks Bulgar (Nikon.) |
| 999 | Destruction of Persian Samanid dynasty by Türkic tribes. |
| 1000 | Some Khazars in Kievan Rus are Slavicized and adopt East Slavic language (1000-1300). |
| 1004 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Timar (981-1004) died, Masgut becomes Khan (1004-1006). |
| 1006 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Masgut (1004-1006) died, Ibragim becomes Khan (1006-1025). |
| 1010 | Kipchaks are pressed by Kumosi- Kimaks and then by Kidanes and move west |
| 1016 | Last Khazar Kagan Georgius Tzul is cuptured by combined army of Byzantine Basil II and Sfengus, brother of Kiev's Grand Prince Voldemir. Khazaria loses last independence and territories of Crimea and Taman. |
| 1016 | End of HAZAR EMPIRE 602-1016 A.D Founder - no historical data for founder, its greatest ruler was Hakan Yusuf. Area - Hazars separated from Goktürks and formed a state from Caucasian Mntns to Danube and N. Pontic area |
| 1020 | Kipchaks occupy Middle and Lower Donets basin, lower Don and N.Azov. Earliest Kipchak gravestone monuments are located west of Itil |
| 1024 | Lavrentiev Chronicle dates establishment of Suzdal in Merya land |
| 1025 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Ibragim (1006-1025) died, Azgar becomes Khan (1025-1028). |
| 1025 | One of Seljuk chiefs, Arslan Israil Yabgu, serves as auxiliary to Karakhanid's Ali-Tegin, against Ghazavids. |
| 1026 | Kengeres invasion of Byzantium is repulsed by Constantine Diogenes.. |
| 1028 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Azgar (1025-1028) abdicated, Ashraf becomes Khan (1028-1061). |
| 1029 | Kipchaks control steppes from Itil to Irtysh |
| 1032 | Torgul-beg , with Daud and Arslan Israil Yabgu, acquires control of E. Iran. |
| 1035 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Azgar established fort Khazar (Voronej) |
| 1036 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Azgar established city Tyumen, center of Tubdjak ulus (Tyumen) |
| 1040 | SELCUK EMPIRE 1040 - 1157 A.D Founder – Seljuk Area - East, Balkash and Issyk Lakes and Tarim Derya; West, Aegean and Mediterranean; North, Aral, Caspian Sea, Caucasian and Black Sea; South, area including Arabia (Area - 10,000,000 Km 2) |
| 1051 | Kengeres invade Byzantium. |
| 1054 | Seljuks, under Tügral Beg, capture Baghdad, Abbasid capital, from Buwayhids, establish Seljuq Sultanate, and become official protectors of Caliphate. |
| 1054 | Rus chronicles record appearance of Guz people, pushed by Kipchaks - a branch of Kimaks of middle Irtysh and of Ob. |
| 1055 | Rus claims that majority of Kipchak tribes have crossed Itil and occupy E. Europian steepes. |
| 1055 | Ipatian Chronicle reports first arrival of Kipchaks at border of Pereyaslav principality |
| 1059 | Yabgu Arslan Israel with Oguzes fights Karakhanids, and withdraw with booty, leaving Samanid heir Ismail El Muntasyr, who loses war with Karakhanids,and dies. Samanid state desintegrates, Karakhanids take over Maverannakhr, and Gazavids take Horasan. |
| 1060 | Kipchaks replace Besenyos (Bedjenek) from N Caucasus steppes. Stan of Kipchak Khans is located on river Sunj. N Caucasus steppes is an important component of Deshti-Kipchak. |
| 1063 | Beginning of reign of Seljuc Alp Arslan |
| 1064 | Kengeres invade Byzantium, across Thrace to gates of Constantinople.. |
| 1065 | 600K Oguzes crossed Danube, devastated Balkans to Thessalonica. Emperor Constantine X Ducas, and then Kengeres and Bulgars, who were ruled at that time from Byzantium, annihilated them. Remains of Oguzes were subjugated, eliminated or assimilated by Kipch |
| 1065 | Visit of Alanian king Durguleit Great to Georgian king Bagrat IV in Kutais. |
| 1065 | Three Türkic peoples inhabit steppes N. of Lake Balkhash: Oguz (Ghuz, Torks, Ouzoi, Uzes, Türkmen), Kimaks/Kipchak of middle Enisey of Ob, and Kirghiz. Ogur group is distinguished from Oguz Türkic people that they had Y mutated to J (DJ). |
| 1169 | Prince of Suzdal, Andrei Bogoliubskii, sacked Kiev, then moved seat of Great Prince to Vladimir, capital of Suzdal |
| 1070 | Turks in Karahanli State engage in cultural and scientific activities. Turkish written with Uighur and Arabic alphabets becomes literary language and literature spread for the first time. Karahanli people exchange with Gazneli and other state sultans in Turkish written in Uighur letters |
| 1070 | Most ancient monument of Islam era in Türkic is ”Kutadgu Blig” written by Yusuf Has Hacib in 1069-1070 in Uighur and Arabic letters about ideal administration system of a state |
| 1071 | Kengeres, in service of Byzantium, desert Emperor Romanus Diogenes V (1067-1071) in favor of Oguz Sultan Alp Arslan. |
| 1072 | Beginning of reign of Seljuc Malik Shakh. |
| 1072 | Marriage of Maria of Alania to Byzantine emperor Michael VII Duca Parapinaces (1071-1078 d. 1078). Marriage of Georgian king George III with Alanian princess Burduhan |
| 1073 | Probably grandson of Mohammed b. Yusuf Kadir Han, Great Khan of Eastern Karahanli State, Mahmut Kashgari work, titled ”Divan-i Legat it-Turk” written in Baghdad in 1073-1077, gave examples of dialects of various Türkic peoples ranging from Byzantine borders to borders of China. He wrote about geography of Türkish cities, political and economical life of Türks and their beliefs, gave examples of literary works and ancient epics and folk literature that did not survive |
| 1076 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Akhad (1061-1076) deposed, Adam becomes Khan (1076-1118). |
| 1076 | Capital of Itil Bulgaria is transferred from city Bulgar to city Bilyar |
| 1077 | HARZEMSHAH 1077 - 1231 A.D Founder - Kudrettin Mehmet (Harzemshah) Area - Persia, Southern Caucasia, Dagestan, Afghanistan and most of Central Asia. (Total Area - 5,000,000 Km 2) |
| 1078 | Daughter of Burduhan and George III is crowned as Queen Tamar on Georgian throne |
| 1087 | Kengeres invade Byzantium across Thrace, are driven back, and defeat Alexius Comneus. |
| 1088 | Former Khan, Emir Akhad Moskha built in Batyshes' (Russ. Vyatiches) land fort Moskha (Caw), now Moscow (Moskva). |
| 1089 | King of Ovs (As, Alans) David Soslan's son marries Queen Tamar |
| 1091 | Kipchaks under Togortak and Maniak are allied with Byzantium under Alexius Comnenus, and together crush Kengeres army. |
| 1096 | Rabbi Nissim: Seventeen Khazarian communities join nomads (Kengeres, Bulgars, Oguses) |
| 1096 | Start of Eastern European Bulgars' emigration to Danube Bulgaria and Hungary in several successive waves together with Cumans, from end of eleventh to middle of thirteenth centuries |
| 1099 | Khan Bonyak Cumans defeat Hungarian army of King Coloman Beauclerc at Przemysl |
| 1099 | Formation of Karachai-Balkarian (Alan) people completed. |
| 1099 | Tatars are beaten by Kerayit Türks' Khan Torgul, son of Khan Cyriacus(Qurjaquz), son of Marcus(Marguz) Buyiruq |
| 1099 | Tatars lived since at least 8th cent. on south bank of Kerulen river near Bor Nor to Khingan range. On north bank of Kerulen to Onon river roved neghbouring Mongols. On west bank of Selenga river to Black Irtysh river roved neighboring Naiman Türks. |
| 1099 | 200,000 Kerayit Türks, Nestorian Christians since 1009, roved neighboring south of Selenga river, on upper Orkhon, to Karakorum. Tatars are confederated as Tokuz Tatars (Nine Tatars) and Otuz Tatars (Thirty Tatars). |
| 1099 | Tatars are redoubtable warriors and ranked among fiercest of all people. |
| 1099 | Tatars constitute a serious danger to Sino-Tungustic kingdom of Kin. Kin used early Chingiz Khan to attack Tatars from Northwest. |
| Bulgars Dateline 1100-1299 AD Continued |
