| DATELINE | ||
|---|---|---|
| Time | Events | |
| 750 | Bulgars live along north-western shore of Caspian Sea | |
|
750 |
After living as neighbors of the Chuvash people for over 1,000 years, a part of the Hungarians moved to the south to "Levedia" in approximately 750 AD, while others remained between the River Volga and the Ural Mountains |
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750 |
Kengeres/Pecheneg/Kangar/Besenyos living west of Uigurs and are hostile with them |
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751 |
Defeat of Chinese armies at Talas river by a combined forces of Goktürks, Arabs and Tibetans. End of Chinese control over Turkestan. Paper starts spreading to Arabs and on to Europe |
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|
752 |
Tatars lived on eastern border of Uiguria. |
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| 752 | As a result of Uigurs led by Yaglakar defeat of internal opposition, individual tribes of Tokuz-Oguz coalition, and the coalition itself became known as Uigurs. The part "Uy/Ui" means "relatives, related", and is semantically synonymous with "kün" in the name of the Huns. Ui-gurs = related, relatives tribes | |
|
753 |
Ilmish Kutlug Khan is Kara Khan of Goktürks |
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|
755 |
Constantine V (son of Leo III) builds a chain of forts along Bulgarian border. War begins between Danube Bulgars and Byzantines. After initial success, Bulgars are defeated. |
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755 |
Created Orkhon Inscription on Mogilyan Bilge Khan slella. Inscriptions are bilingual, in Kipchak language in Türkic alphabet, and in Chinese language in Chinese characters. Sources |
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756 |
Danube Bulgaria Khan Kormisos (740-756) dies, Vinekh becomes Khan (756-761) |
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759 |
El Tutmish Alp Kutlug Bilge Kagan. El Tekin (13) (759 - 779). |
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760 |
Khazar Khagan Boghatur (760?-…) |
|
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760 |
Bulgar Khan Tat-Ugek renames city Marduan to Bulgar, which becomes a center of small Burjan kingdom. |
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761 |
Khan Vinekh of Danube Bulgaria (756-761) and all his kin assassinated. Teletz of Ugain clan and a leader of conspiracy is elected new Khan (761-763). |
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|
762 |
Khazars, led by As Tarkhan, invade and re-conquer Cis-Caucasia. |
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|
763 |
Danube Bulgaria Khan Telets seizes southern Thrace. Bulgars loose battle of Anchiel. Khan Telets (761-763) is murdered by hostile Boils for his failure. Umar, then Bayan (763-765) is elected new Khan |
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|
765 |
Danube Bulgaria Khan Bayan (763-765) is replaced by Toktu, then Magan, then Telerig (c.765-777) assumes Bulgarian Khan-hood. |
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| 766 | End of Türgesh Kaganate 699 - 766 AD Founder -Tutuk (commander) of the Talas district and Balu city, Yuzlik (Manichaean church rank title) Area - |
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| 770 | Oguzes came to Transoxania in 770's | |
|
772 |
War between Greeks and Danube Bulgars. Khazaria unites with Alania |
|
|
775 |
Leo IV "Khazar" emperor of Byzantine Empire (775-780) |
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|
777 |
Danube Bulgaria Khan Telerig (c.765-777) is replaced by Kardam (c.777-c.803) |
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779 |
Alp Kutlug Bilge Kagan. Tonga Bagha (14) (779 - 789). |
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|
780 |
Leo II, greatson of Khazar Kagan, ruler of Abkhazia. (780-….) |
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|
786 |
Khazars help Abkhazia to free from Byzantine, and Abkhazia becomes Khazarian dependency |
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|
789 |
Tengride Bolmish Kutlug Bilge Kagan. Taras (15) (789 - 790). |
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790 |
Kutlug Bilge Kagan. Aychur (16) (790 - 795) |
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790 |
Shato subordinate to Tibet. Tibetians take Beytin and Kucha (Ansi) 791 Tibetians take Khotan |
|
|
791 |
Franks met resistance on their campaign in area of Austria and Slovenia |
|
|
792 |
Franks met with little resistance on their 2 campaigns in area of Austria and Slovenia because of Avar/Bulgar/Slav draught and famine |
|
|
792 |
Avar leaders fought each other between 792 and 795, but Kagan and Yugrush, his fellow ruler, were killed by their own men, who blamed them for draught and famine |
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794 |
Tibetians defeat Uigurs 795 Tatabs and Tatars are defeated by Chinese |
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|
794 |
According to archaeological evidence, Avars populated Banat, Crishana, and parts of Transylvania. Their number in Transylvania is not very high, but this is difficult to estimate. As in other territories, they probably lived together with Slavic tribes |
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|
795 |
Avars power broken, Franks destroyed residence of Kaganat. Nestor chronicle stipulates that all Avars died, but some retired to east of Tisza. Last reliable mention of Avars is from 822, and in 873 there is a record of uncertain character |
|
|
795 |
Change in dynasty in (Second) Uigur Kaganate. Young Uigur Kagan of Yaglakar paternal dynastic line died (killed in a coup?), and Great Buyruk of (probably maternal) dynastic tribe Ediz was proclaimed Kagan as Ay Tengride Ulugh Bolmish Alp Kutlug Bilge Kagan. Kutlug (17) (795 - 805). Tribe Ediz surfaces as a dynastic maternal tribe of Uigurs |
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|
796 |
Avar Kagan and his warlords abandoned their capital Rhing before Frankish host reached it in 796, but 90 per cent of Charlemagne's horses that advanced as far as Gyõr in 791 also perished of famine | |
|
796 |
Avar state, weakened by internal dissent, was destroyed by a combined Frankish and Bulgarian Khan Kardam attack in 796 | |
|
803 |
Danube Bulgaria Khan Kardam (c.777-c.803) is replaced by Krum (38) elected to Bulgarian Khan-hood (803-814). Bulgars under Khagan Krum unite with Franks to crush Avar Khaganate. |
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|
804 |
Khan Krum's army has 30,000 chain armored heavily armed cavalry, vs. Byzantium's less than 400. |
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804 |
Khan Krum venture to become independent suzerain, lays off federatae status, become Tzar, and absorbs Slavic and Avar territories and populations. Policy program for next half century. |
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804 |
Charlemagne and then Pepin defeat and subjugate Avar Khan in Pannonia, rob 2 centuries of treasuries. In 805 Avar Khagan Zodan baptized with name Theodore. Theodore continued ruling as a subject of Charlemagne |
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804 |
Joint forces of Bulgars and Franks crush and annihilate Avar Khaganate. |
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| 805 |
Frankish Imperial Annals [Rau 1961, I, 80-81 [Imperial] Annales, year 805]: Not long
afterwards ruler Kagan of Huns appeared before Emperor because of straits of his people,
asking to be given a dwelling-place between Sabaria and Carnuntus [Steinamanger und
Petronell] as he on account of attacks by Slavs was unable to stay in his earlier
dwelling-places. The Emperor received him kindly, for Kagan was a Christian named
Theodor, listened to his entreaty, and let him with great gifts go back home. Yet shortly after having gone home to his people, he died. Thereupon (new) Kagan sent one of his great ones, requesting for old (sign of) honor which Kagan had always enjoyed among Huns. Emperor acceded to his wish and ordered that Kagan according to old use of Huns should enjoy supremacy over whole area. |
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805 |
End of AVAR EMPIRE in Europe |
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805 |
Ay Tengride Qut Bolmish, Kutlug Bilge Kagan. Unknown (18) (805 - 808) |
|
|
806 |
Manicheans arrive to Chanan from Uigurs |
|
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807 |
Danube Bulgars and Greeks fight |
|
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808 |
Ay Tengride Qut Bolmish, Alp Bilge Kagan. Unknown (19) (808 - 821). |
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813 |
Bulgars take Adrianopole |
|
|
813 |
In 813, Krum led a large army of Slavs and Avars against Byzantium and besieged Constantinople without success. He died in following year |
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|
814 |
April 13, 814 While preparing another attack against Byzantines, Khagan Krum (38) bursts a blood vessel and dies. Khagan Omurtag (41) assumes Bulgarian Khan-hood (814-814). Boils rule Bulgaria - Chok (?) (?_?) |
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|
814 |
Khan Ditsen (40) (814-816) |
|
|
816 |
Chok and Boils Danube Bulgars conclude a peace treaty with Byzantines to last thirty years, to be renewed every ten years |
|
|
816 |
Khan Omurtag (41) (816-831) |
|
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817 |
Inhabitants of Samandar revolt against attempts by Khazar Khagan Karak introduce Judaism |
|
|
817 |
Manichean missionaries are exiled to Uiguria |
|
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818 |
Danube Bulgars thrust to north as far as Kiev (818-820). |
|
|
819 |
Kara Bulgarian Khan Aydar (819-855) |
|
|
820 |
Khazars found Sambata (sam = high, bat = stronghold) and Kiev ( kui = low, ev = settlement), settled by Khazars and Magyars. |
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| 820 | (Caspian) Huns, Abazgians (Abkhazes) and Zikhi (Adyge, aka Shapsugs, aka Kosogs, aka Cherkesses, aka Kabardians/Kabardinians) participated in troops of rebel Thomas in 820, Byzantine military commander in revolt in 821–23 against Emperor Michael II the Amorian (r. 820–29). | |
|
821 |
Preslav is completed - new Bulgarian capital. |
|
|
821 |
Kun Tengride Ulugh Bolmish, Kuch Kuchluk Bilge Kagan. Unknown (20) (821 - 824) |
|
|
824 |
Tengride Qut Bolmish, Kuch Bilge Kagan. Hazar Tekin (21) (824 - 832) |
|
|
827 |
Danube Bulgars and Franks fight |
|
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830 |
Khazar Khagan Khan-Tuvan (Dyggvi) (830?-…) |
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830 |
Construction of Sarkel fortress by Khazars with Byzantium's help |
|
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830 |
Khzarian Kabars rebel against Bek (830-862) |
|
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830 |
First Rus Khaganate is established as ulus by Itil Bulgarian Khan Aydar (819-855) |
|
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831 |
Danube Bulgaria Khan Malamir (42) (831-837) |
|
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832 |
Danube Bulgars and Franks sign peace treaty |
|
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832 |
Tengride Qut Bolmish, Kuchluk Bilge Kagan. Kho Tekin (22) (832 - 839) |
|
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833 |
Khan-Tuvan (Dyggvi) sends an embassy to Byzantine asking to send engineers-fortificators to build fortresses against Rus' attacks |
|
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836 |
Danube Bulgar Khan Presijan (43)(836-852) |
|
|
837 |
Magyars crossed Dnieper from east around 837, occupying steppe as far as Danube by year 860 |
|
|
837 |
Atelkuzu, largely consisting of Ukraine, Moldavia and Eastern Wallachia, favoured survival at time of warming. As drought spread, it was possible to move flocks up-river to cooler, wooded regions, where fishing provided an extra food for semi-nomads |
|
|
837 |
Magyar tribes, and chiefly ruling caste, moved up river as far as Kharka, Bashtu, and Galich |
|
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839 |
Kho Tekin (22) (832 - 839) dies. Kichik Tekin (23) (839 - 840) |
|
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840 |
Destruction of Uigur Orkhon Empire by Kirgizes. End of Uigur leadership of E. Goktürkic Khaganate |
|
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840 |
E. Goktürk Khaganate Kichik Tekin (23) dies |
|
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840 |
In about 840-850 AD, Hungarians were forced to move westwards to Atelkuzu (Etelkoz) and they then occupied Carpathian Basin in 896 AD living there to this day |
|
|
841 |
Kyrgyz ambassador arrived in China |
|
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842 |
Muhamad ibn Musa Al Khwarizmi works in Khazarian Kagan's palace, sent there by Caliph Al-Wathiq |
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