| DATELINE | |
|---|---|
| Time | Events |
| 700 |
Khazars are frequently allied with Huns of North Caucasus. Alp, Elteber of Huns of North Caucasus, is a vassal of Khazars. Huns capital city is Varachan (late 10 c) |
|
700 |
Tatars lived north of Tatabs and Kara-Kibi, on Kerulen tributary of Amur river, in those times mostly engaged in fishing |
|
700 |
Oguz tribe federation relocates in great numbers from Orkhon area to vicinity of Talas, then to Syr Darya. Oguz dialect separates from Eastern Türkic, and by 11th century Oguz language of Syr Darya differs from Eastern Türkic in lexicon and pronounciation |
|
701 |
Khan Asparukh (679-701) of Danube Bulgaria dies, his son or grandson Terval (702-718) succeeds him |
|
703 |
Busir (Ibousir-Glavan) becomes Kagan of Khazar's Kaganate (703?-….) |
|
703 |
Khazar royal princess ….. marries Bysantine emperror Justinian II to become Empress Theodora |
|
704 |
Ashina Khayn subjugated Semirechye for Empire Tan. Shato subdued without fight. Subjugated Western Turks and bowed Karluks, Huvu and Shunishes |
|
705 |
Khan of Danube Bulgaria Tervel aids Justinian II in regaining his control of Constantinople after a rebellion. Afterwards, Terval is crowned “Caesar“ |
|
705 |
Beginning of systematic Arab conquest of Transoxania. Qutaiba ben Muslim becomes Governor of Khurasan |
| 706 | First Türgesh Kagan (Manichaean church title Yuzlik) (699-706) died, his son Sakal became Kagan |
| 706 | Türgesh Kagan Sakal's younger brother Chjenu revolted, and with military support from Eastern Türkic Kapagan-Kagan started cruel Eastern Türkic Kaganate campaign against Türgesh Kaganate that ended with death of Chjenu in 708 |
|
706 |
Chinese break negotiations with Goktürks (Eastern Türkic Kaganate) |
|
708 |
Chinese built three fortresses north of Huanhe against Goktürks |
|
709 |
709 Arabs capture Bukhara and Samarkand. 711 Arabs capture Khiva. 712 Arabs subdue Khwarezm and recapture Samarkand. 713 Arabs sack Kashgar. |
|
711 |
Khazars help to install Phillipicus as a Byzantine Emperor |
|
711 |
Goktürks suppress rebelion of Turgeshes. Divisions in Khorezm |
|
712 |
Khan-Caesar Tervel, after leaving Justinian II to his doom, sees fit to avenge his death by raiding and looting southern Thrace. |
|
712 |
Kuteyba subjugates Khorezm and takes Samakand. Emperor appoints Mohedo Tutuk a ruler of Samakand |
|
713 |
Arab embassy to China |
|
714 |
Chinese, under emperor T'ai-tsong, defeat Goktürks at Lake Issyk-Kul. |
|
714 |
Khazars loose Derbent to Arabs |
|
714 |
Turks (Eastern Türkic Kaganate ?) are defeated at Byshbalyk. Shato subordinate to Empire Tan |
|
715 |
Chinese beat back Goktürkic attacks on Beytin, and Arabs and Tibetians on Fergana 716 Luchen is taken from Kidanes. Turgeshes rebel against Empire and defeat Chinese and Karluks |
|
715 |
Ases, and then Yasygs, are cruelly suppressed by Kapagan Kagan |
| 716 | Tokuz-Oguz tribal union, led by Uigurs, never recognized leadership of Ashina Türks, and were rebellious subjects. In 716 Tokuz-Oguz tribes led by Uigurs formed anti-Türk coalition of Uigurs, Basmils, and Karluks, and rebelled (716-725). In 744 Karluks fled to Türgesh Kaganate, leaving undisputed domination of Uigurs in the steppe |
|
716 |
Mochur (Bak-chor) (57) (691-716) Qapagan Khan died, after defeating Bayirku of upper Kerulen but killed on return trip. He was succeeded by Mogilyan (Mokilien) (63) (716-734), elder brother of Kul-tegin, installed by Kul-tegin. Peak of second Goktürk empire (716-734) |
| 716 | Luchen is taken from Kidanes (by ?) |
| 716 | Turgeshes rebel against Empire and defeat Chinese and Karluks. Turgesh Kaganate uses the earliest Runic alphabet used by the Turkic inhabitants of Central Asia |
|
718 |
Danube Bulgars under Khan Tervel as federates of Byzantium defeat Arab invasion and save Byzantium. Khan-Caesar Terval (26) (702-718) dies, ?.. becomes Khan (718-725). |
|
718 |
Orkhon Inscriptions on Tonyukuk stela are created, describing events and providing Türkic perspective. Inscriptions are bilingual, in Kipchak language in Türkic alphabet, and in Chinese language in Chinese characters. Sources |
|
718 |
Khazars invade Azerbaijan. |
|
720 |
Goktürks' victory over Chinese imperians. Kashmirian Radj is given title Van |
|
722 |
Second Khazar - Arab war (722-737) First campaign of Arabian troops led by Zh. Jirrah in Northern Caucasus against Alans and Khazars |
|
722 |
Son of Türk Bilge Kagan, Tengru Khan, has 300K army |
|
723 |
Khazars lose Balanjar to Arabs, move capital to Samandar |
|
723 |
Start of massive Jewish emmigration to Khazaria (723-944) |
|
724 |
In Avaria, after about 40 years, i.e., after 720 AD, figures of plants and animals were used more frequently, were cast and decorated. New art shows Türkic Asian features, probably a new population coming from east took place of earlier one |
|
724 |
Second Jirrah's campaign in Northern Caucasus. |
|
725 |
Danube Bulgar Khan ..?. (718-725) dies, end of Dulo dynasty. Sevar becomes Khan (725-740). Danube Bulgar Khanate expands. |
|
727 |
Khazars invade Azerbaijan. Muslam's raid against Khazars |
|
730 |
Khazar's Barjik leads 300K army to raid Azerbaijan (Albania?). At Arbadil, Khazars defeat entire Arab army. |
|
732 |
Orkhon Inscriptions on Kul Tegin slella with a large and small inscriptions, and on Tonyukuk slella. Inscriptions are bilingual, in Kipchak language in Türkic alphabet, and in Chinese language in Chinese characters. Sources |
|
732 |
Otuz-Tatars moved from Goktürks to Amur-area taiga. |
|
732 |
Khazar princess Chichek marries Bysantine emperror Constantine V to become Empress Irene. |
|
734 |
Mogilyan Khan (63) poisoned, his son Yollyg-Tegin (Yijan) (65) died, his brother Bilge Kutlug Khan (66) succeeded as Tengri Kagan (66) (734-741). |
|
735 |
Fubin annulled statuary. Chinese and foreign (Syanbinian) stratification was fixed and joining Chinese people was impossible. This started a new ethnical substrate. All non-Chinese could only join border army, hated by Chinese element |
|
735 |
Campaign of Arabian military leader Mervan Kru in Alania. Alan king Itaz (Tr. It-As=Dutiful As) |
|
737 |
Arabs force conversion to Islam. …... becomes first Kagan of Khazar's Kaganate to convert to Islam for political reasons (703?-….) |
|
737 |
Khazars loose Samandar to Arabs, move capital to Itil |
|
737 |
Goktürks attack Kucha |
|
740 |
Danube Bulgaria Khan Sevar (725-740) dies, Kormisos becomes Khan (740-756) |
|
740 |
Ashina Sin is appointed a ruler of ten tribes, sent west and killed. After his death Dumochji is appointed Yabgu of three tribes |
|
740 |
UYGUR EMPIRE |
| 742 | New political Tokuz-Oguz tribal union alliance is formed and headed by Basmils. Uigurs split, and allied with Karluks against Basmil Kagan, and proclaimed Uigur's leader Kullig Boila (Guli Peilo in Ch. rendering) Kutlug Bilge Kagan. In 742-744 steppe was divided into three warring factions, Uigurs, Basmils, and Ashina Türks, which lasted till the death of last Ashina Türk ruler Ozmish Kagan in spring of 745. Uigurs were allied with Tang China which blocked Ashina Türk forces from south. Title Boila is known from W.European Avar and Bulgar records > Bulg. Bolyar, Slav. Boyar |
|
743 |
END OF GOKTÜRK EMPIRE |
|
744 |
Ozmysh Kagan (68) (742-743) killed by Basmils. Basmils failed to take control of E. Goktürk Kaganate, and Uygurs, with Karluk help, set Kuli Peilo Khan as Kutlug Bilga Kagan (11) (Tengrida Bolmish El, Kutlug Bilge Kagan) (742 - 747). Creation of Uygur Kaganate |
|
744 |
Uygurs substituted one Türkic people for another, closely related, for hegemony of Mongolia, in the next century (744-840) |
| 744 | In 744 leaders of Ashina Türk tribes Ashina (paternal tribe) and Ashide (maternal tribe) fled to China, heading 11 Türkic tribes, where they were resettled in northern frontier regions |
|
747 |
Khan Marduan of Daghestani Bulgars, Burjans, build a small wooden city, named city Marduan. Khazars called it Mardukan. Present Bulgar (Great Bulgar) |
| 746 | In 744 Karluks fled to Türgesh Kaganate, in 746 Uigurs expelled them from the steppes to Türgesh Kaganate, establishing Uigur power in Mongolia |
|
747 |
Tatars lose a battle to Uygurs N-W of Selenga. Tatars were caught at Keyre spring and river Tri- birkyu, and lost half of army. |
|
747 |
Ay Tengrida Qut Bolmish, Tutmish Bilge Kagan (11) dies. Bayanchur (12) (747 -759). |
|
747 |
Created Shine-usu, Terkhin and Tes inscriptions. Inscriptions are in Old Uygur?? language in Türkic alphabet. Kagan Bayanchur (747-759) relates 6-th c events with “QSR=QASAR“. Sources |
