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http://www.transasiart.com/Numismatique/numismatique_asiecentrale/nacmicb.htm |
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Sapèques Monies of Uigurs |
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Uiguristan was occupied by China in 646-681 AD. Rulers in vassalage to China: Tumidu (titled Kagan from 647) 646-648 Bayan (P'o-jun) 648-661 Baz-khan 661-681 Pisutu (fem.) 681 Gok Turk dynasty 681-747 Toghuchi 681-715 Utibeg 715-719 Chinzon 719- ? Utinan 727- ? Ghoshu 727- ? Etimish Qutlugh Bilga 744-747
2 – Uigur coins Boquq Kagan is the founder and organizer of the great Uigur Kaganat between 780 AD and his death. At first he was a high General and a Prime Minister (äl ögäsi) of Ton Baga Tarkan until his death in 789 AD. He led the Uigur troops from the north of Mongolia to Djungaria, where he chased away the Tibetans and Karluks. After the death of Kagan, the various members of the royal clan (Yaqlagar) quarreled for power. Zhongzhen Kagan was murdered by his brother who was knocked down by the Uigur leaders. Boquq returned from the west and put himself in the service of the young son of Zhongzhen, becaming the mentor and regent for the child. He started again a westward campaign, repelled the Tibetans in the south of Tarim, took Beshbaliq and Gaochang. In 795 the young sovereign died childless, and Boquq rose on the throne. He spread the empire to Fergana and Sogdiana, and even reached the borders of Khorassan. China put awarded him a title Huaixin Kagan, "Loyal Kagan". Uigurs, Türks and Mongols made him a legendary hero for his magnificent exploits. After Boquq's death, the Kaganat did not find the man to insure a proper succession, and different tribes of Basmils, Karluks, and, especially, the Kirghizes, shook of the Uigur suzerainty. In 840, Kirghizes destroyed the Kaganat and expelled Uigurs from Mongolia. They went westward to establish Khanates of Beshbaliq and Qodjo, which came under the Mongols in the 13-th century.
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Uigur dynasty 747-847 Bayanchur 747-759 El'tekin 759-779 Tonga Bagha Alp Qutlugh Bilga 779-789 Taras Bolmish Qutlugh Bilga 789-790 Aichur Qutlugh Bilga 790-794 Unnamed brother of Aichur 794 Azho 794-795 Qutlugh I 795-805 Qutlugh II 805-808 Ai Tengri Qut Bulmish 808-821 Kun Tengri Ulugh Bulmish 821-824 Hazar Tegin 824-832 Kho Tegin 832-839 Kichik Tegin 839-840 Ughe Tegin 840-846 Enian Tegin 846-847 Thence to Kyrgyz. The first Uigur coin is a sapèque of the Chinese type, minted by Boquq Kagan (795-808). The obverse has an inscription Köl Bilgä Tängri Uigur Boquq Kagan, "Heavenly Kagan Boquq of Uigurs wise as a vast lake". In the lapel Äl Tutmish Yarliqinga, "By right of empire suzerain".
Boquq Kagan's coin, 20 mm, 2,3 g. Coll. LML.
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