Home
Back
In Russian

Russian Version needs a translation

Besenyos, Ogur and Oguz
Saltovo-Mayak
Bulgar Ethnonym
Bulgar Archeology
Western Hun's Khan Dynasties
Western Hun's Khan Lineage

Alan Dateline
Bulgar Dateline
Huns Dateline
Kipchak Dateline
Sabir Dateline

Djagfar Tarihi Contents · Djagfar Tarihi Preface · Djagfar Tarihi Appendix 

DANUBE BULGARIA KHAN'S LIST

Fragment

Links

http://members.tripod.com/~Groznijat/pb_lang/nominalia.html
http://www.omda.bg/engl/history/imennik.htm
http://www.kirildouhalov.net/literature/imennik.html
http://avitoholl.hit.bg/list.html

Background

In 1861 a Russian scholar A. Popov discovered the document, known under names Imennik (Slavic "Namelist"), Kingslist, Khanslist, Fürstenliste and Nominalia, in a large collection of old Rus and Bulgarian historical texts entitled "Hellenic Chronicler", a rare and original historical relic. It exists in 3 manuscript copies. There are numerous variations and outright discrepancies between the copies and within the same manuscript. It is assumed that the document was composed during the reign of Khan Boyan, elected to the Khan position in ca. 763 or 767 AD, because the  last on the list is a short reign of his predecessor Khan Umar. It represents the genealogy for 12 generations of the Bulgarian Khans, beginning with the most legendary Hunnish Khan Attila (b. 406, c. 437-453) and ending with the 8th c. Khan Umar. It is further supposed that the text was initially written on rock columns in the capital Pliska and later, after the Cyrillic alphabet was introduced to replace the Glagolic alphabet ca. 860 AD, or later in the 9th or 10th century, it was translated and transcribed. Pliska was the Danube Bulgarian capital from ca 681 to 893 AD, when Khan Shamgun (Simeon the Great) moved the capital to Bersula (Preslav).

 It contains the names of the rulers of Bulgarian dynasties - DULO and VOKIL. Against the names are given in Old Bulgarian accordingly the year of their ascension to the throne and the duration of their rule. Here is the complete text of "The Name List of Bulgarian Khans" inModern Bulgarian:

compiled in the time of the founder of the Bulgarian state Khan Asparoukh (681 - about 700). Later continued, up to about ,  (Avitohol). The too long time of his rule, and that of his heir Ernich, was obviously of a legendary character

It is a list of the rulers of Bulgaria, starting with the first two progenitors - Avitohol and Irnik, The Western Hun's Khans dynasty partial diagram is compiled primarily from the Djagfar Tarihi Annals, with no attempts to resolve the multitude of discrepancies contained in various accounts. Each of the parallel branches present a dynasty in itself. On this site can be found some details about all the rulers listed in the chart. For the listing of the dynasty, see WESTERN HUN'S KHAN DYNASTIES

I am really excited, in the past I never looked closely at the original, and was taking on faith the readings of the experts. Now, I read it myself, and see a number of discrepancies in these readings. First, I could never understand why Atila is called Avitokhol. Did not make any sense. Now I clearly see Atila Khan as the first word, and you will see it too if you look at it. And he is sure Atila Khan. It is clearly visible even in the distorted rendering. Title follows the name, as in all Tьrkic titles. I will spare you the examples. Secondly, I never could trust the numbers read by the expers. Now I see that in a 12 year cycle (I think this is absolutely accepted by everybody) the number of years between cyclic years is not a multiple of 12, i.e. an impossibility. From Shegor to Shegor is either 12 or 24 etc, not 15 or 17. You can't trust the readings of the numbers. Unfortunately, I can't do it myself for the reason of my ignorance. Thirdly, for Tervel data is given twice, like a poor etching first time required a repeat confirmation, or a correction. You tried to read that as for a separate unnamed ruler, but it does not read so. Your explanation of the ou diphtong serving as a substitute for u, then excludes the necesity for a Greek intermediry, weather as a scribe or as the inscription, and tilts the concept that the translation was made directly from the Tьrkic original. The dots as separators, titles after the name, and the brevity of the inscription all tend to confirm it. Because of agglutination, the Tьrkic texts are very compact, 1/2 of Slavic and 2/3 of English. I have some more observations to that respect, but it would suffice for now.

But there are fairly detailed arguments, advanced by Moskov among others, that the kinglist originated as an inscription in Greek and was later translated into Slavonic and rendered into Cyrillic.

whether Vokil and Ukil are one and the same, since the two appear side by side in the same text. Some have argued that this is enough to deny the equation, yet just above them we have Isperih followed by Esperih (in one manuscript Espererih). I think the equation Vokil=Ukil is probably sound, for reasons detailed in the notes to the Imennik.

One of 3 Khanslist manuscripts

Khanslist manuscript detail

In Cyrillic script

Question mark in parenthesis substitutes for undeciphered letter.

Question mark following a letter indicates a possible interpretation of the letter.

Horse (Tuki, Tuku etc.) and Sheep (Téké) are phonetically close and may be misinterpreted as written in the Imennik.

Ат?ил?а Хан

Ирник

Гостун

Кур(ба)т

Безм(?)р

 

Еспер(?)рих

Терв?ел

 

Сев?ар

Корми?оша?

Винех

Телецо?

Oymor

Дилом Тв?ирем

Snake 9th

Дилом Тв?ирем

Snake 9th

Дохек? Тв?ирем

Hen 9th

Шегор В?ечем

Bull 3rd

Шегор Тв?е?чем

Bull 3rd

 

 

Берени? Алем

Bars 1st

Текоу Читем Тв?ирем

Horse 7 th 9th

Ди?ан Шехтем

Hare 8th

Тох Алтом

Sheep 6th

Шегор Тв?и?ри?м

Bull 9th

Шегор Алема?

Bull 1st

Самар Алтем

Dragon 6th

Дилом Тутом

Snake 4th

 
Лет (3?)
Лет (?) Лет
(?) Лет
(?) Лет
(?) Лет
Лет . Φ . и . еi?.
(?) и Ωдино Лето
(?) Лет (?) Лет
(?) Лет
(?) Лет
(?) Лет
?) Лет
(?) Лет
(?) Дини
 

In Latin script

At?il?a Khan

Irnik

Gostun

Kur(ba)t

Bezm(?)r

 

Еsper(?)rikh

Terv?el

 

Sevar

Kormi?osha?

Vinekh

Teletso?

Oumor

Dilom T(v?)irem

Snake 9th

Dilom T(v?)irem

Snake 9th

Dokhek(?)T(v?)irem

Hen 9th

Shegor (V?)echem

Bull 3rd

Shegor (V?)(e?)chem

Bull 3rd

 

 

Beren(i?) Alem

Bars 1st

Tekou Chitem Tv?irem

Horse 7 th 9th

Di?an Shekhtem

Hare 8th

Tokh Altom

Sheep 6th

Shegor T(v?)irim

Bull 9th

Shegor Alem(a?)

Bull 1st

Samar Altem

Dragon 6th

Dilom Tutom

Snake 4th

 

Let (3?)

Years (3?)

Let (? )Let

(?) Years

(?) Let

(?) Years

(?) Let

(?) Years

(?) Let

(?) Years

Let Φ . и .еi?.

Years Φ . и .еi?.

(?) i Ωdino Leto

(?) and 1 Year

(?) Let (?) Let

(?) Years (?) Years

(?) Let

(?) Years

(?) Let

(?) Years

(?) Let

(?) Years

(?) Let

(?) Years

(?) Let

(?) Years

(?) Dini

(?) Days

 
     

Bulgarian Türkic Calendar

The calendar presented here for illustration purposes only completes and corrects, using the published detailed description of the 12 year animal cycle Bulgarian calendar, the attempt to reconstruct the Bulgarian calendar posted in http://members.tripod.com/~Groznijat/pb_lang/pbl_3_1.html. Most of the calendar month-names have dialectal and historical variations, for a more complete listing of the terms click here. Naturally, the Danube Bulgars knew little about the "imeonshegor" name for a horse, reportedly widely used by the Pamirian Indoeuropeans up in the Himalayas, and had to use more familiar Türkic terminology. The shown month-names are those that seem to be closer to the months listed in the Bulgarian Khanslist.

12 year lunisolar animal cycle calendar does not have a sequential count of years like the Gregorain, its predecessors, and other solar calendars. To calculate in the Bulgarian 12-year cycle calendar the current year of a Gregorian calendar, deduct 3 from the last, then divide the result into 12. The remainder of the division will be a sequential number of the year in the Bulgarian cycle, and an exact division means the12-th year of a cycle.

Bulgarian Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers

Source: Khanslist and  http://www.zompist.com/asia.htm

  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Bulgar cardinales

-

 

vech

tut

beh

alt(i)

chit(i)

shekht

tovir

-

Chuvash cardinales per ik vish tavat pilek ult shich sakar takhar vun
Balkar cardinales bir eki yuch tyort besh alti cheti segiz toghuz on

Bulgar ordinales

 

-

večem

tutom

behti

altom

jitem

šekhtem

tovirem

-

 In Türkic languages, "alem" is not a number, but an adjective with a meaning of "starting, initial, breakthrough" and the like.

Khanslist manuscript detail

M. Moskov, Imennik na bylgarskite hanove, Sofia, 1988) who worked along the turkic hypothesis. According to him the original text of the nominalia must have been written in greek and the present (slavic) text we have is a rather clumsy translation from greek. So he, first, reconstructed the 'original' greek text,

WESTERN HUN'S KHAN LINEAGE

In Cyrillic

Авитохол живя 300 години. Родът му беше Дуло, а годината му на заемане на властта дилом твирем.
Ирник живя 150 години. Родът му беше Дуло, а годината му на заемането властта дилом твирем.
Гостун, наместник на тогова, управлява 2 години. Родът му беше Ерми, а годината му на заемането властта докс твирем.
Курт управлява 60 години. Родът му беше Дуло, а годината му на заемането властта шегор вечем.
Безмер управлява 3 години. А родът на тогова беше Дуло, а годината му на заемането властта шегор вечем.
Тези пет князе управляваха княжеството оттатък Дунава 515 години с остригани глави. И след това дойде отсам Дунава Исперих, княз също и досега.
Исперих княз управлява 61 година. Родът му беше Дуло, а неговата година на заемането властта верениалем.
Тервел управлява 21 година. Родът му беше Дуло, а година на заемане на властта текучитем твирем... 828 години. Родът му беше Дуло, а неговата година на заемането на властта дванш ехтем.
Севар - 15 години. Родът му беше Дуло, а неговата година на заемане на властта тох алтом.
Кормисош - 17 години. Родът му беше Вокил, а неговата година на заемането на властта шегор твирим. Този княз измени рода Дулов, сиреч Вихтун.
Винех - 7 години, а родът му беше Укил, а неговата година на заемането на властта шегор алем.
Телец - 3 години. Родът му беше Угаин, а неговата година на заемането на властта сумор алтем. И този беше от друг род.
Умор - 40 дни. Родът му беше Укил, а неговата година на заемането на властта дилом тутом. 

In Cyrillic

АВИТОХОЛ живя 300 години. Родът му Дуло, а неговата година (на завземането на властта) дилом твирем.
ЕРНИК живя 150 години. Родът му Дуло, а неговата година дилом твирем.
ГОСТУН 2 години. Родът му Ерми, а годината му докс твирем.
КУРТ управлява 60 години. Родът му Дуло, а годината му шегор вечем.
БЕЗМЕР 3 години, а родът му Дуло, а пък годината му шегор вечем.
Тези петима князе управляваха княжеството оттатък Дунава 515 години с остригани глави и след това дойде отсам Дунава Аспарух княз и досега.
АСПАРУХ княз 60 и една година (управлява). Родът му Дуло, а годината му верени алем.
ТЕРВЕЛ 21 години. Родът му Дуло, а неговата година текучитем твирем.
СЕВАР 15 години. Родът му Дуло, а неговата година тох алтом.
КОРМИСОШ 17 години. Родът му Вокил, а неговата година шегор твирем.
ВИНЕХ 7 години. Родът му Укил. А неговата година шегор алем.
ТЕЛЕЦ 3 години. Родът му Угаин, а неговата година сомор алтем.
УМОР (управлява) 40 дни. Родът му Укил, а годината дилом тутом

 

In Latin transliteration:

Avitohol zhit let T (300). Rod emou Doulo. A let emou dilomtvirem.
Irnik zhit let RII (150). Rod emou Doulo. A let emou dilomtvirem.
Gostoun namestnik sii B (2) let. Rod emou Ermi. A let emou dohs tvirem.
Kourt (60) let d'rzha. Rod emou Doulo. A let emou shegorvechem. BezmerG (3) let a rod emou Doulo. A let semou shegorvevhem.
Sii 5 k'nenz dryzhashe knenzhenie ob onu stranou Dunaja F i EI (515) let ostrizhenniimi glavami. I potom pride na stranou Dounaja Isperih k'nenz tozhde i dosele.
Isperih knenz 60 i edino (61) leto. Rod emou Doulo. A let emou verenialem.
Tervel K i A (21) let. Rod emou Doulo. A let emou tekouchitem. Sevar EI (15) let. Rod emou Doulo. A let emou toh altom.
Kormisosh ZI (17) let. Rod emou Vokil a let emou shegortvirem. Siizhe k'nenz izmeni rod Doulov rekshe Vihtoun.
Vineh Z (7) let a rod emou Oukil. A let emou imenoshegoralem.
Telec G (3) let. Rod emou Ougain. A let emou somor altem i sii inogo rad.
Oumor M (40) dni. Rod emou Oukil. A let emou dilomtutom.

 

In English:

AVITOHOL lived for 300 years. His clan Doulo. And his year DILOMTVIREM.
 IRNIK lived for 150 years. His clan Doulo. And his year DILOMTVIREM.
 GOSTOUN the deputy 2 years. His clan Ermi. And his year DOHS TVIREM.
KOURT reigned for 60 years. His clan Doulo. And his year SHEGORVECHEM.
BEZMER 3 years and his can Doulo. And his year SHEGORVECHEM.
These 5 princes reigned on the other side of the Danube for 515 years with shaven heads. And after that came to this side of the Danube prince ISPERIH, and the same is up to now. ISPERIH prince 61 years. His clan Doulo. A his year VERENI ALEM.
TERVEL 21 years. His clan Doulo. And his year TEKOUCHITEM.
SEVAR 15 years. His clan Doulo. And his year TOH ALTOM.
KORMISOSH 17 years. His clan Vokil and his year SHEGORTVIREM. This prince replaced the clan Doulo, that is Vihtoun.
VINEH 7 years and his clan Oukil. And his year IMEONSHEGORALEM.
TELEC 3 years. His clam Ougain. And his year SOMOR ALTEM and he replaced another one.
OUMOR 40 days. His clan Uokil. And his year DILOMTUTOM.'

 

   
I  

 

 
 

 

 

AVITOHOL lived 300 years. His family was Dulo. His year was DILOMTVIREM.  IRNIK lived 150 years. His family was Dulo. His year was DILOM TVIREM. GOSTUN. He was a proxy. His family was Ermi. His year was DOKS TVIREM. KOURT held power for 60 years. His family was Dulo. His year was SHEGORVECHEM. BESMER, 3 years. His family was Dulo. His year was SHEGOR VECHEM. These princes ruled for 515 years on the other side of the Danube with shaved heads. Then came ISPERIH on this side of the Danube, as it is now. ISPERIH, 61 years. His family was Dulo. His year was VERENI ALEM. TERVEL, 21 years. His family was Dulo. His year was TEKU CHITEM. TVIREM, 28 years. His family was Dulo. His year was DVAN SHEHTEM. SEVAR, 15 years. His family was Dulo. His year was TOH ALTOM. KORMISOSH, 17 years. His family was VOKIL. His year was SHEGOR TVIREM.This prince changed the family Dulo, that is VIHTUN. VINEH, 7 years. His family was Vokil. His year was IMEN-SHEGOR ALEM. TELETZ, 3 years. His family was Ugain. And his year was SOMOR ALTEM. UMOR, 40 years. His family was Vokil. His year was DILOM TUTOM.

 

 

 

 

©TurkicWorld

Djagfar Tarihi Contents · Djagfar Tarihi Preface · Djagfar Tarihi Appendix 

Home
Back
In Russian

Besenyos, Ogur and Oguz
Alans and Ases
Kipchaks

Alan Dateline
Bulgar Dateline
Huns Dateline
Kipchak Dateline
Sabir Dateline

M. TVIREM, 28 years. His family was Dulo. His year was DVAN SHEHTEM. SEVAR, 15 years. His family was Dulo. His year was TOH ALTOM. KORMISOSH, 17 years. His family was VOKIL. His year was SHEGOR TVIREM.This prince changed the family Dulo, that is VIHTUN. VINEH, 7 years. His family was Vokil. His year was IMEN-SHEGOR ALEM. TELETZ, 3 years. His family was Ugain. And his year was SOMOR ALTEM. UMOR, 40 years. His family was Vokil. His year was DILOM TUTOM.

 

 

 

 

©TurkicWorld

Djagfar Tarihi Contents · Djagfar Tarihi Preface · Djagfar Tarihi Appendix 

Home
Back
In Russian

Besenyos, Ogur and Oguz
Alans and Ases
Kipchaks

Alan Dateline
Bulgar Dateline
Huns Dateline
Kipchak Dateline
Sabir Dateline